| A | B |
|---|
| Aftershock | An earthquake that occurs after a larger earthquake in the same area. |
| Compression | Stress that squeezes rock together until it folds or breaks. |
| Deformation | A change in the shape or volume of a substance - like the Earth's crust. |
| Earthquake | The shaking that results from the movement of rock beneath the earths surface. |
| Epicenter | The point on Earth's surface that is directly above an earthquake's focus. |
| Fault | A break in the Earth's crust where slabs of rock move past each other. |
| Fault Block Mountains | A mountain that forms where a normal fault uplifts a block of rock. |
| Focus | The point beneath the Earth's surface where rock breaks or moves under stress and causes an earthquake |
| Inference | The act of reasoning from factual knowledge or evidence. |
| Liquefaction | The process by which an earthquake's violent movement suddenly turns loose soil into a liquid like mud . |
| Magnitude | The measurement of an earthquake's strength based on seismic waves and movement along faults. |
| Moment Magnitude Scale | The scale used today to rate earthquakes by estimating the total energy released by the earthquake. |
| Normal Fault | A type of fault where the hanging wall slides downward; caused by tension in the crust. |
| Orogeny | The process of mountain formation, especially by a folding and faulting of the earth's crust. |
| P Waves | A type of seismic wave that compresses and expands the ground, the first wave generated by an earthquake. |
| Plateau | A large area of flat elevated land. |
| Plate Tectonics | The theory that pieces of the Earth's lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle. |
| Reverse Fault | A type of fault where the hanging wall slides upward; caused by compression in the crust. |
| S Waves | A type of seismic wave that moves the ground up and down or side to side. |
| Sediment | The particles of rock and soil that are moved by water or wind, resulting in erosion and deposition. |
| Seismic Waves | A vibration that travels through the Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake. |
| Seismograph | A device that records the ground movements caused by seismic waves as they move through the Earth. |
| Shearing | Stress that pushes a mass of rock in opposite and parallel directions. |
| Stress | A force that acts on rock to change its shape, volume or position. |
| Strike-slip fault | A type of fault where rocks on either side move past each other sideways with little up or down motion. |
| Surface waves | A type of seismic wave that forms when P waves and S waves reach the Earth's surface. |
| Tension | Stress that stretches rock by pulling it in opposite directions so that it becomes thinner in the middle. |
| Tsunamis | A large wave produced by an earthquake below the ocean. |
| Convergent Boundary | A lithospheric plate boundary where plates are pushed toward each other. |
| Divergent Boundary | A lithospheric plate boundary where plates are pulled away from each other. |
| Transform Boundary | A lithospheric plate boundary where plates are pushed in opposite and parallel directions. |
