| A | B |
|---|
| Where is the steel industry located? | Pittsburgh |
| Where is the textile industry located? | New England |
| where is the automobile industry located? | Detroit |
| Name the nine Northeast states | Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Pennsylvania |
| Name the 12 Midwest states | Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota |
| Name the 3 Midwest cites on the SOL test | Detroit, St. Louis, Chicago |
| Name the 8 inventions or adaptations used in the Great Plains during westward expansion | barbed wire, steel plow, dry farming, sod houses, beef cattle raising, wheat farming, windmills, and railroads |
| What are the four characteristics of the climate and geography of the Great Plains? | low rainfall, flat lands, land eroded by wind and water, and frequent dust storms |
| What were five reasons for westward expansion? | Land ownership, adventure, the railroad, get rich by gold and silver, and a new beginning for former slaves |
| What were four reasons for increased immigration? | hope for better opportunities, religious freedom, escape from oppressive governments, and adventure |
| What does rural mean? | In the country (like Goochland) |
| What does urban mean? | In the city (like downtown Richmond) |
| What were three reasons why cities developed? | specialized industries, immigration, and movement from rural to urban areas for job opportunities |
| who invented the lighbulb? | Thomas Edison |
| Who invented the telephone? | Alexander Graham Bell |
| Who invented the airplane? | The Wright Brothers--Orville and Wilbur Wright |
| What are the four northeast cities that might be on the SOL test? | Philadelphia, New York City, Boston, and Pittsburgh |
| Where was the meatpacking industry located? | Chicago |
| What was federal land set aside for native Americans called? | Reservations |
| Who was the peaceful chief of the Nez Perce tribe that said, "I will fight no more forever" ? | Chief Joseph |
| Which two immigrant groups were most discrimated against? | Irish and Chinese |
| What battle involved the Sioux indians and the u.S. calvalry and resulted in the death of General Custer and 210 of his men called? | Battle of Little Bighorn |
| What does "urbanization" involve? | The growth of cities |
| What does "industrialization" involve? | Growth of factories and no longer making products by hand |
| Name 2 challenges faced by cities | 1) Tenements and ghettos 2) Political corruption |
| Name 3 examples of big business | Oil, Steel, Railroads |
| Name the 3 captains of industry and the industries associated with each | Rockefeller- Oil ; Carnegie-Steel ; Vanderbilt- Railroads |
| Name 4 factors resulting in the growth of industry | 1) Access to raw materials 2) Availability of workforce 3) Inventions 4) Financial Resources |
| Name 4 reasons for the rise of big business and its prosperity | 1) National markets created by railroads 2) Captains of industry 3) Advertising 4) Lower cost production |
| Name 3 negative effects of industrialization | 1) Child labor 2) Lower wages and long hours 3) Unsafe working conditions |
| What were old immigrants? | Came to U.S. before 1880 and were from Northern and Western Europe (like Germany, England, Scotland) |
| What were new immigrants? | Came to U.S. after 1880 and were from Southern and Eastern Europe (like Hungary, Russia, Italy) |
| When immigrants first arrived to the U.S., where were they first sent? | To processing centers like Ellis Island in New York or Angel Island in California |
| What was the Great Migration? | It was when African Americans moved from the South to the North for better paying jobs and a better way of life. |
| Who was Jacob Lawrence? | A present day African American artist that has depicted the Great Migration in his artwork. |
| Name a group that was part of the effort against alcoholic beverages. | Women's Christian Temperance Union |
| What did the Temperance Movement attempt to do? | Stop the making and selling of alcohol |
| Who were muckrakers? | a group of writers that revealed corruption and inspired reform |
| What did Progressives want? | Voter power, more democracy, economic fairness ( no more huge gaps between the rich and poor) |
| What is Susan B. Anthony famous for? | Her work for women's suffrage |
| Which amendment gave women the right to vote? | 19th amendment |
| What organization did W.E.B. Du Bois start and why? | He started the NAACP. This was to help African Americans gain political rights. |
| What laws enforced segregation of blacks and whites in public places? | Jim Crow laws |
| What did Booker T. Washington do? | He founded the Tuskeegee Institute that gave blacks a vocational education so that they could improve their economic strength. |
| Describe the life of African Americans during the Progressive Era. | They experienced discrimination all over the U.S. |
| What did the supreme court case Plessy v. Ferguson decide? | Segregation was constitutional (okay) as long as the separate facilities were equal. |
| Who led the American Federation of Laborers and what did it accomplish? | Samuel Gompers. It joined labor unions together to make them stronger. |
| What did labor unions want to accomplish? | Shorter hours, improved safety, better working conditons, better pay |
| What problems led to workers forming labor organizations? | low wages, unsafe working conditions, and child labor |
| What was the result of the Homestead Strike? | A win for Carnegie and a loss for the steel union |
| What is racial segregation? | Separation in public places based on race primarily against African Americans |
| How did the reforms of the Progressive Movement change the United States? | Organized labor (unions) grew in power and improved working conditions, women earned the right to vote, child labor was restricted, the Prohibition Era began (This was a period of time in the U.S. where there was a restriction on buying, selling, and drinking alcohol). |
| What are unions? | groups of working people that work together to get better pay and better hours. They still exist today. |
| What are the reasons for the Span-American War? | Protection of American business in Cuba, Americans supported Cuba gaining independence from Spain, The Sinking of the USS Maine, and Exaggerated news stories called "Yellow Journalism" |
| What were the results of the Span-American War? | U.S. was a world power, Cuba became independent from Spain, U.S. got all of Spain's land, which included Cuba, The Phillipines, Guam, and Puerto Rico |
| Why did the U.S. fight in World War I? | Inability to stay neutral, German submarines were sinking innocent passenger ships like the Lusitania, U.S. economic and political ties between the U.S. and Great Britain (Historically, the U.S. and Great Britain have always been good buddies) |
| Name the 6 major Allied countries that fought together in World War I. | Great Britain, France, Russia, Belgium, Serbia, and the U.S. (we joined later in the war) |
| Name the 4 Central powers that fought together in World War I. | Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire |
