| A | B |
| city-state | a self-governing unit made up of a city and its surrounding villages and farmland |
| plateau | a flat elevated area of land |
| epic | a long poem about a hero |
| nomad | a person who migrates with their flock and herd |
| polytheism | belief in more than one god |
| pictograph | picture-writing |
| cuneiform | wedge-shaped characters made with a reed stylus and used in writing several ancient languages |
| scribe | a professional writer or record keeper |
| Mesopotamia means | the land between two rivers |
| Sumer | a region within southern Mesopotamia |
| Priests | ruler of city-states before kings came into power |
| civilization | a city that is contains social classes, an organized system of government, religion, and culture |