| A | B |
|---|
| histones | aid in the tight packing of DNA and help maintain the shape of the chromosome. |
| nonhistones | help control the activity of specific regions of DNA |
| centromere | constricted area of chromosomes that holds two chromatids together. |
| sex chromosomes | determine the sex of an organism |
| autosomes | all other chromosomes except the sex chromosomes |
| homologous chromosomes | chromosomes that are the same size and shape, and carry the same traits |
| karotype | a photomicrograph of the chromosomes in a dividing cell. |
| diploid (2n) | cells containing both sets of chromosomes of a homologous pair |
| haploid (n) | cells containing only one set of chromosomes |
| Chromatin | fine strands of DNA and protein inside the nucleus |
