| A | B |
|---|
| Gilded Age | the time between 1870-1890, political power split |
| James Garfield | President in 1881- no spoils system |
| Chester Arthur | Took over presidency for Garfield- used the spoils system |
| Grover Cleveland | President- signed Interstate Commerce Act |
| Benjamin Harrison | Pres. in1890- signed Sherman Antitrust Act |
| patronage | giving jobs to loyal supporters |
| civil service | all federal jobs except elected positions and armed forces |
| Sherman Antitrust Act | prohibited trusts or other businesses from limiting competition |
| Interstate Commerce Commission | formed to oversee RR's |
| William Tweed | Corrupt Boss who cheated New Yorkers |
| Ida Tarbell | Muckraker who wrote articles about Standard Oil Co |
| Upton Sinclair | Muckraker who wrote The Jungle- meatpacking industry |
| Progressives | Reformers who were forward thinking: wanted better life |
| John Dewey | wanted to reform the schools |
| Robert La Follette | Progressive Governor from Wisconsin who introduced reforms |
| Wisconsin Idea | La Follette's program that lowered railroad rates |
| Sixteenth Amendment | Gave Congress the power to impose an income tax |
| Thomas Nast | Muckraker who created political cartoons- problems with Am. life |
| initiative | allows voters to introduce a bill directly to the legislature |
| recall | allows voters to remove an elected official from office |
| referendum | allows voters to directly vote on a bill to decide if it becomes law |
| primary | allows voters to choose their party's candidates for the general election |
| Seventeenth Amendment | provides for the direct election of senators by the people of each state |
| Theodore Roosevelt | President: Square Deal- conservationist |
| Square Deal | plan that all should have a chance to succeed |
| Pure Food and Drug Act | requires ingredients to be listed, protects consumers, 1906 |
| William H. Taft | President after T.R., accused of blocking conservation efforts |
| Woodrow Wilson | President, trustbuster, New Freedom Plan |
| New Freedom Plan | Plan to restore competition in business |
| Federal Reserve Act | 1913- regulate banking |
| Federal Trade Commission | 1914-Wilson created to prevent big business from using unfair practices |
| Trustbuster | person who breaks up large corporations |
| 3 Trustbusters | Roosevelt, Wilson and Taft |
| suffragist | people who campaigned for women's rights |
| temperance movement | against the use of alcohol |
| Carrie Chapman Catt | former principal, in favor of suffrage |
| National American Woman Suffrage Assoc. | lead by Carrie C. Catt, worked to get vote for women |
| First to get women's vote | The West |
| Women's Christian Temperance Union | worked to outlaw alcohol in the US |
| Eighteenth Amendment | illegal to sell alcohol in the US |
| Booker T. Washington | Education means equality for African Americans, segregation is an opportunity to improve skills |
| W.E.B. Du Bois | founded NAACP in 1909, against discrimination |
| NAACP | National Association for the Advancement of Colored People |
| George Washington Carver | African American- crop rotation, developed peanut butter |
| Nineteenth Amendment | women right to vote |
