| A | B |
|---|
| anterior (ventral) | toward the front (belly) of the body |
| posterior (dorsal) | toward the back of the body |
| medial | toward the midline of the body |
| lateral | toward the side of the body |
| proximal | nearer to the point of attachment or to a given reference point |
| distal | farther from the point of attachment or from a given reference point |
| superior | above |
| inferior | below |
| cranial (cephalic) | toward the head |
| caudal | toward the lower end of the spine |
| superficial (external) | close to surface of the body |
