| A | B |
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| Name the five characteristics of a gas. | Expansion, Indefinite shape or volume, compressability, small density, mixability. |
| Explain the expansion ability of a gas. | gases expand infinitely and uniformly to fill the space in which they are placed. |
| What units is the density of a gas measured in? | grams per liter...g/l |
| Explain the "mixability" characteristic of gases. | 2 or more different gases will mix completly and uniformely when placed with one another. |
| What are the five parts of the kinetic theory of gases. | 1. A gas is composed of very small particles (molecules or atoms). 2. The particles of a gas are very far apart. 3. Gas particles move rapidly, colliding with other gas particles and hitting against the walls of the container. 4. Gas particles do not attract or repel one another. 5. Gas particles move faster when the temperature increases. |
| Since a gas is mostly empty space, we can assume that the volume of a gas is the same as the volume of ________? | the container it is in. |
| Describe what the "pressure" of a gas is. | gas pressure is a result of the force exerted by the colisions on the inside of the container the gas is in. |
| What are the four properties used to describe a gas. | (1) Amount of gas in mass (grams), (2) volume of the gas in liters or milliliters, (3) temperature of the gas in Kelvins, (4) pressure of the gas in atmospheres or millimeters of mercury. |
| Describe "pressure". | the force exerted by something upon a surface....in other words, force per unit area. P=force/area. |
| Pressure is measured in ______ or ______ or ______? | atmospheres, torr or mm of mercury. |
| How many torr in 1 atmosphere? | 760 torr = 1 atmosphere, which is "standard pressure". |
| How many mm of mercury in 1 atmosphere? | 760 mm mercury = 1 atmosphere |
| Describe standard temperature and pressure (STP). | STP is 273K, and 1 atm./760 torr/760 mm Hg. |
| Charles Law deals with the relationship between the _________ of a gas and it's __________ ? | volume of a gas and it's TEMPERATURE. |
| Kelvin temperature is degrees centigrade plus _____ ? | 273 |
| Gas expands or shrinks _______ of it's volume for each 1 degree centigrade. | 1/273 of its volume so all gas problems must be converted from centigrade to Kelvin. |
| If the pressure of a gas is constant, then the volume of a given amount of gas varies ________ (directly or indirectly) with the temperature in degree Kelvin. | Directly, Charles Law |
| Boyle's Law deals with the relationship between the volume of a gas and it's ________ ? | volume of a gas and it's PRESSURE. |
| At a constant temperature, the volume of a gas increases as the pressure _______ ? | Decreases, Boyle's Law |
| The formula to solve a "Boyle's Law" problem is ________ ? | P1V1 = P2V2 |
| The Combined Gas Law is useful for studying the effect of changes in two of the variables on the third so long as the amount of gas (number of moles) remains constant. | true |
| What is the combined gas law formula? | In notes or text p. 265 |
| Avogadro's Law says that one mole of any gas at STP has a volume of _______ ? | 22.4 liters. |
| According to Avogadro's Law, if you double the amount (moles) of a gas the volume will _______ ? | double, since his law states that temp and pressure remain the same. |
| Gay-Lussac's Law of Combining Volumes says that if you are reacting gasses together and they are all under similar temps and pressures then the coefficients in the balanced equation can stand for ________ as well as ________? | Liters as well as moles. |
| The _____________ helps us understand gas behavior. | Kinetic molecular theory |
| Gases are described in terms of what four properties? | Pressure, temperature, volume, amount of gas. |
| _________ is the force exerted by gas agaijnst the walls of the container. | Pressure |
| _________ is the space occupied by a gas. | Volume |
| _________ is a measure (determines) the kinetic energy and motion of gas particles. | Temperature |
| _________ is the quantity of gas present in a sample. | moles (amount of gas) |
| When doing calculations, what unit must temperature always be reported in? | Kelvins |
| The density of a gas is the mass of a gas sample divided by it's volume. The common unit used for reporting a gases density is ______ ? | grams per liter...g/l |
| The equation for __________ is the units or force divided by area. | pressure |
| For calculations involving PV=nRT the unit of _________ is used for pressure. | atmospheres (atm.) |
| According to Boyle's law as pressure increases the volume of gas ________ ? | decreases - Boyle's law |
| According to Charles' law as temperature decreases the volume of a gas ________ ? | decreases |
| Scientists have chosen standard temperature and pressure (STP) conditions of ____ K (0 C) and ____ atm (which is ___ mm Hg or ___ torr. | 273 Kelvin, 1 atm which is 760 mm Hg or 760 torr. |
| At STP, 1 mole of ANY gas particles occupies a space of ________ L. | 22.4 Liters in one mole of any gas. |
