| A | B |
|---|
| Heredity | the passing of traits from parents to offspring. |
| Gene | the set of information that controls a trait; a segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait. |
| allele | the different forms of a gene |
| dominant allele | an allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present. |
| recessive allele | an allele that is masked or hidden when a dominant allele is present. |
| homozygous/purebred | an organism that has two of the same alleles for a trait |
| heterozygous/hybrid | an organism that has two different alleles for a trait. |
| hybrid | another name for heterozygous |
| purebred | another name for homozygous |
| trait | characteristics passed from parents to offspring. |
| fertilization | joining of sperm and egg cells. |
| genetics | the scientific study of heredity. |
| Punnett square | chart that shows possible gene combinations. |
| phenotype | an organism's physical appearance or visible traits. |
| genotype | an organism's genetic makeup or allele combinations. |
| heterozygous | another name for hybrid |
| homozygous | another name for purebred |
| incomplete dominance | pattern of inheritance where the alleles are blended. |
| codominance | pattern of inheritance where both alleles are expressed. |
| test cross | cross with a homozygous recessive organism done to try and determine if an organism is heterozygous or homozygous. |
