| A | B |
|---|
| organelles | tiny structures that carry out functions in a cell |
| cell wall | rigid, nonliving, outer border of cellulose that surrounds plant cells |
| cell membrane | flexible, living membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in both animal and plant cells |
| nucleus | because it contains DNA, controls all cellular functions, including cell reproduction [brain of cell] |
| nuclear membrane | controls what gets in & out of the nucleus |
| chromatin | genetic material within a cell's nucleus that is composed of DNA [in prokaryotes, is located in cytoplasm] |
| nucleolus | structure within a cell's nucleus that produces ribosomes |
| cytoplasm | clear, dense gel that fills cells; serves as a chemical storehouse and is the site of anaerobic respiration |
| mitochondrion [plural: mitochondria] | site of energy production and aerobic respiration in cells; contain ATP [nickname: powerhouse of cell] |
| endoplasmic reticulum [ER] | series of canals that transport proteins and other substances throughout and between cells |
| ribosomes | structures, most of which are located along the ER, that synthesize (make) proteins from amino acids |
| Golgi bodies | package and distribute fats and proteins |
| chloroplast | plant cell structure that stores chlorophyll; site of photosynthesis [food-making process in green plants] |
| vacuole | sacs which store food, water, waste, and enzymes |
| lysosome | structure found primarily in animal cells that breaks down old or damaged cell parts for recycling |
| function of cell wall | protects a plant cell; provides support for a plant cell; gives a plant cell its rigid, almost rectangular shape |
| prokaryotes | organisms whose cells lack an organized nucleus [In other words, nuclear material is not enclosed inside a nuclear membrane.] |
| eukaryotes | organism whose cells contain a nucleus |
| function of cell membrane | controls what enters and leaves both an animal and a plant cell [note: in plant cells is protected by cell wall] |
