| A | B |
|---|
| Gene expression | the activation of a gene that results in the formation of a protein |
| genome | complete genetic material contained in an individual |
| structural genes | genes that code for particular polupeptides |
| promoter | DNA segment that recognizes the enzyme RNA polymerase promotes transcription |
| operator | DNA segment that blocks transcription & prevents protein synthesis from occurring |
| operon | series of genes that code for specific products & regulatory elements that control these genes |
| repressor protein | inhibits a specific gene from being expresses |
| repression | the blockage of transcription by repressor protein |
| regulator gene | where transcription of the structural gene is ulrimately controlled |
| inducer | molecule that initiates gene expression |
| activation | initation of transcription by the removal of a repressor protein |
| euchromatin | uncoiled form of DNA site of active transcription of DNA to RNA |
| Introns | not translated into proteins |
| Exons | translated into proteins |
| Pre-mRNA | contains both introns and exons |
| enhancer | noncoding control sequence in a eukaryotic gene |
| transcription factors | bind to enhancers and RNA polymerase and regulate transcription |
| lac operon | includes the entire segment of DNA required to produce the enzymes involved in lactose metabolism |
