| A | B |
|---|
| lodes | were rich streaks of ore sandwiched between layers of rock |
| Virginia City | an example of boomtown |
| transcontinental | rail line that would span the continent and connect the Atlantic and Pacific coasts |
| 49ers | people who came to mine for gold in Califonia during the Gold Rush |
| Sutter | it was his land where gold was found in California |
| Panama Route | was the quickest way to get to California from the eastern United States |
| Sea Route Around South America | took 6 months to get to California |
| police | boomtowns had few of these |
| criminals | boomtowns had plenty of these |
| ghost towns | deserted boomtowns became |
| Spanish | came up with the cowboy tradition |
| branding | a way in which cattle were marked |
| cow towns | place were cattle were shipped on railroads |
| 1860s-1880s | The age of "Cattle Kingdoms" lasted from the: |
| spurs, chaps, wide-brimmed hats | part of the cowboys clothing |
| saddles | most expensive part of being a cowboy |
| stampede | greatest dangers on the trail for cowboys |
| vaqueros | Hispanic ranch hands in the Spanish Southwest who developed the traditions and skills of cattle herding |
| Homestead Act | gave 160 free acres of land to a settlers |
| sodbusters | another name for plains farmers |
| sod | plains settlers built their homes out of |
| Sioux | nomadic tribe |
| Omaha | not a nomadic tribe |
| buffalo | used for most of life's needs by the plains Indians |
| reservations | places where Native Americans were placed as settlers moved on their land |
| free silver | Populist Party wanted to base the nation’s currency on |
| National Grange | helped break up the loneliness of rural life by staging social gatherings |
| ghost dance | a way for Sioux Indians to express their culture |
| Exodusters | African Americans who went west |
| 1890 | the frontier "closed" |
| Little Big Horn | Custer and his troops were killed at this battle |
| Wounded Knee | marked the end of the Native American and US military conflicts |
