| A | B |
|---|
| data | observations that have been collected |
| sample size | number of observations determined to prove hypothesis |
| mean | average of all responses |
| median | middle number of the responses |
| mode | the number that appears most often |
| range | the greatest number minus the least number |
| standard variation | measure of individual differences |
| normal distribution | symmetrical around the mean |
| percentile | the percentage of individuals that fall below a certain score |
| coefficient of variation | comparison of variations between different populations |
| p-value | number between 0 to 1; reflects the strength of the data |
| null hypothesis | statemtn that there is not difference or no effect |
| ratio | relative frequency of one set of frequencies to another set |
| central tendency | statistics or numbers expressing the most typical or representative scores in a distribution |
| descriptive statistics | specific characteristics of data; how many fall into a category of measurement, typical values and correlation of measurement |
| inferential statistics | generalizations from sample statistics to general populations |
| confidence interval | expected range in which the actual population value can be found at a given level of probability |
| degrees of freedom | the number of scores which are free to vary when calculating a statistic |
| t-test | can be used instead of the z test when the sample size (n) is less than or equal to 30 |
