| A | B |
|---|
| affirmative action | policy which gives special considerations to women and minorities |
| Articles of Confederation | governmental plan used in The U.S. before the Constitution |
| Bay of Pigs Invasion | a failed invasion of Cuba by anti-Castro forces in 1961 |
| Bill of Rights | First ten amendments to the Constitution |
| Brown v. Board of Education | 1954 Supreme Court case that outlawed racial segregation |
| civil disobedience | nonviolent refusal to obey a law in order to change the law |
| Civil War | war between the Union and the Confederacy from 1861 to 1865 |
| Declaration of Independence | 1776, declaring independence from Britian |
| Emancipation Proclamation | 1863, freed slaves in Confederate held territory |
| Fourteen Points | Woodrow Wilson's proposal in 1918, for a postwar European Peace |
| Good Neighbor Policy | President Franklin D. Roosevelt's policy to promote good relations with Latin America |
| Great Depression | severe economic that lasted from 1929 until about 1939 |
| Harlem Renaissance | African American literary awakening of the 1920's. |
| Holocaust | Nazi Germany's attempt to murder all European Jews all |
| impeach | charge a public official with wrongdoing in office |
| integration | process of bringing together different races |
| Interstate Commerce Act | 1887 law that regulated railroads and other interstate businesses |
| isolationism | policy of avoiding political or economic alliances with foreign countries |
| Jazz Age | term used to describe the 1920's |
| Jim Crow | system of laws that segregated public services by race beginning in the 1890's |
| judicial branch | branch of government that interprets the laws and applies it |
| judicial review | power of federal courts to decide whether laws are constitutional |
| laissez-faire | a government policy of not interfering in private business |
| League of Nations | International organization, formed after World War 1, that aimed to promote security and peace for all its members |
| legislative branch | branch of government that makes the laws |
| manifest destiny | westward expansion to the Pacific Ocean |
| Marbury v. Madison | 1803 Supreme Court case that established the principle of Judicial Review |
| Marshall Plan | Program of American economic assistance to Western Europe, 1947 |
| Miranda rights | these are what the police must inform people of when accused of a crime |
| muckraker | journalist who uncovers wrongdoings |
| New Deal | President Franklin D. Roosevelt's program of relief and recovery after the Great Depression |
| NATO | Alliance between United States, Canada, and Western Europe, formed in 1949 |
| Persian Gulf War | 1991 war in which United Nations forces expelled an Iraqi occupation army from Kuwait |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | 1896 Supreme Court case that ruled seperate but equal is equal |
| Progressive Era | period from1890 to 1920 in which reforms were enacted at the local, state, and federal levels |
| Prohibition | the legal ban on the use and sale of alcohol |
| Reconstruction | Federal government's effort between 1865-1877 to repair the damages done during the Civil War |
| red scare | a period of intense fera of communism |
| Revolutionary War | American Colonists' war of independence from Britian, 1775-1783 |
| Roe v. Wade | 1973 Supreme Court case that legalized abortion |
| SALT Treaty | 1972, a treaty between The U.S. and the Soviet Union on limiting nuclear weapons |
| seperation of powers | The constitutional alloting of powers within the federal government among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches |
| Sputnik | first artificial satellite to orbit Earth, in 1957, launched by the Soviet Union |
| tariff | tax on foreign goods imported into a country |
| Three-fifths compromise | compromise at the Constutional Convention stating that a slave shall count as three-fifth of a state's population to be counted for purposes of representation |
| Trail of Tears | the forced movement of Cherokees in 1838-1839 to land west of the Mississippi |
| Underground Railroad | Network of escape routes that helped southern slaves reach freedom in the North |
| yellow journalism | type of newspaper writing that sensationalizes stories |
