| A | B |
|---|
| volatile | evaporates easily (goes off) |
| STP | 273K and 760torr |
| Expansion | fill containers completely |
| kinetic theory | matter is made of atoms, they are in constant motion, and experience elastic collisions |
| low density | molecules far apart |
| diffusion | movement of gases throught each other from high concentration to low |
| diffusion depends on | speed, diameter of particles, attractive forces |
| exert pressure | push on walls of container |
| temp increases | pressure, kinetic energy and volume increase |
| pressure decreases by 1/2 | volume doubles |
| condensation temp | the highest temp at which a gas cannot exist |
| at condensation temp | kinetic energy decreases, attractive forces increase and vapor liquifies |
| Boyles law | the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure |
| Charles law | the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its KELVIN temperature |
| attractive forces | (bonds) what holds molecules together |
| melting point | the temp where both a solid and a liquid can exist at the same time |
| heat of fusion | amount of heat necessary to liquify a solid at the melting point |
| held by charged particles | ionic solid |
| melting points generally between 100-1000 | ionic solid |
| dissolves easily | ionic solid |
| salt | ionic solid |
| solids do not conduct but liquids do | ionic solid |
| sublimation | change directly form a solid to a gas |
| shared electrons | covalent solid |
| extremly hard | covalent solid |
| diamond | covalent solid |
| generally 1000+ melting points | covalent solids |
| non-conductor | covalent solid |
| calorie | amount of heat needed to raise 1 gram of WATER 1 degree celcius |
| Calorie | kilocalorie (1000 cal) |
| specific heat | amount of heat necessary to raise 1 gram of ANYTHING 1 degree celcius |
| examples of sublimation | dry ice and mothballs |
| weak bonds | molecular polar |
| ice | molecular polar |
| low melting points 0-100 | molecular polar |
| mothballs | molecular nonpolar |
| undergo sublimation | molecular nonpolar |
| molecules held by Van derwaals forces | molecular nonpolar |
| negative degree melting points | molecular nonpolar |
| ductile | metallic |
| malleable | metallic |
| have luster | metallic |
| great conductors | metallic |
| held by mobile electrons | metallic |
| high specific heat | takes a lot of heat to increase temp (cloth) |
| low specific heat | takes little heat to get hot (sand) |
| boiling point | temp at which a liquid vaporizes |
| vapor pressure | explains why a pot boils faster with a lid on the pot |
| viscosity | thickness- resistance to flow |
| surface tension | creates invisible film water on a penny |
| soap | decreases surface tension |
| hydrogen bonding | holds 2 water molecules together |
| polar covalent bonding | hold H and O together within water molecule |
| cohesion | sticks to itself |
| increased viscosity | strong forces |
| increased volatility | weak forces |
| low air pressure | in mountains decreases boiling point |
| volatile | goes off ( evaporate without boiling) |
