| A | B |
|---|
| Middle Ages | The time between the ancient times and modern times. |
| Medieval | Means the middle ages. |
| feudalism | A medieval power system constructed like a pyramid. |
| vassal | The man, in the feudal system, that promised to be loyal to the lord. |
| manor | A lord might rule over this large estate. |
| self-sufficient | The ability to supply your own needs. |
| serfs | Another name for a peasant. |
| clergy | The men who performed the services of the Church, helped people follow Church rules on how to live. |
| excommunicate | To prevent one from taking part in church life. |
| guild | This group included all people in a town who practiced a certain trade. |
| apprentice | An unpaid worker being trained in a craft. |
| chivalry | The name given to noble qualities knights were to have. |
| troubadours | These were traveling performers. |
| crusades | A war launched by the Church to capture Palestine. |
| Charlemagne | A skilled military leader who became king of the Franks. |
| Parliament | A council that advised the English king or queen in government matters. |
| Pope Urban II | The religious leader began the Crusades and built political power for the papacy. |
| Joan of Arc | A peasant girl who led the French army to victory over the English in the 100 years war. |
| The Magna Carta | "The Great Charter"; an agreement between King John of England and his nobles and clergy. The agreement limited the king's power. |
| Holy Land | A small region at the eastern edge of the Mediterranean Sea, also known as Palestine, considered holy by Jews, Christians, and Muslims. |
| Jerusalem | The capital city of modern Israel; a holy city for Jews, Christians, and Muslims. |
| Nation | A community that shares a government and sometimes a common language and culture. |
| King John | King of England forced to sign the Magna Carta. |
| Castle | A secure structure built in the center of a manor to provide protection for the lord. |
| Black Plague | A disease that spread throughout medieval Europe by fleas on rats. Ultimately, it killed a third of medeival Europe's population. |
| Pope | The leader of the Roman Catholic Church. |
| Nation-State | A nation-state is a country made up of people who share a common culture or history. |
