| A | B |
|---|
| selective breeding | allowing only those animals with desirable characteristics to produce the next generation |
| hydridization | crossing dissimilar individual to bring together the best of both organisms |
| inbreeding | the continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics |
| polyploid | plants with extra sets of chromosomes making them stronger and larger |
| genetic engineering | making changes in the DNA code of a living organism |
| restriction enzymes | cut a DNA sequence into smaller fragments in between specific base squences |
| gel electrophoresis | separates DNA fragments based on their sizes by moving them through a charged gel |
| recombinant DNA | DNA molecules formed by combining DNA from different sources |
| polymerase chain reaction | process that allows one small fragment of DNA to be made in to multiple copies |
| transformation | process in which a cell takes in DNA from an external source making it part of the cell's DNA |
| plasmid | small circular DNA molcules found in bacteria used to introduce foreign bacteria to a cell |
| genetic marker | gene used to distinguish plasmids with foreign DNA |
| transgenic organism | organisms that contain genes from other unrelated organisms |
| clone | a member of a population of genetically identical organsms produced from a single cell |
