| A | B |
|---|
| Sumerian city-states | southern Mesopotamia |
| Upper and Lower land | Egypt |
| Harappan land | Indus River Valley |
| Shang Dynasty | China |
| cuneiform | Sumerian wedge-shaped writing |
| Olmecs | central America |
| Athens and Sparta | Greece |
| Confucius | Chinese philosopher |
| patricians and plebians | Rome |
| Alexander the Great | spread Hellenistic (Greek) culture |
| between Carthage and Rome | Punic War |
| Pax Romana | 200 years of Roman peace |
| Jesus | Christianity |
| Edict of Milan | document accepted Christianity |
| Middle Ages | Europe 500 - 1500 |
| Justinian I | Byzantine Empire |
| Muhammad | Arabia, Islam |
| Charlemagne | Frank who was crowned by the pope |
| Shogun, samurai, feudalism | Japan |
| Crusades | holy wars in Jerusalem |
| Mongols | Kubla Khan |
| Bubonic plague | kills 1/3 population of Europe |
| Renaissance | rebirth of interest in learning |
| Johannes Guttenberg | improves the printing press |
| Ottoman Turks | captures Constantinople |
| Christopher Columbus | discovers America |
| Aztecs | Mexico City |
| Issac Newton | discovers gravity |
