| A | B |
|---|
| the purpose of digestion | breaking down food into molecules, absorption of molecules, elimination of wastes |
| what happens to food that is not digested? | It is eliminated. |
| What is the function of saliva? | It breaks large sugars (starch) into simple sugars |
| What is the purpose of chewing? | It physically breaks down food (mechanical digestion) |
| Digestive juices in the stomach | Hydrochloric Acid and Pepsin in the stomach that break food down further |
| 2 ways food is broken down for the body to use | mechanical- (chewing) chemical -(enzymes) |
| Part the stomach plays in digestion | mechanical/chemical break down into semi-fluid (chyme) |
| Where food is TOTALLY broken down | Small Intestine (duodenum) |
| Digestive glands that help the small intestine break down food | - pancreas - gall bladder |
| This happens to Nutrients as food is broken down | They are released and absorbed thru wall of small intestine into your blood |
| Liver's role in digestion | produces bile that breaks up fat particles; detox center |
| These carry nutrients to the cells in the body | Blood vessels |
| The Function of the Large Intestine | Bacteria produce Vitamins B & K; Reabsorb Water & prepare undigested food for elimination |
| Number of Steps in Digestion | 6 |
| 1st step in Digestion | Mechanical Chewing and Saliva (salivary amalylase) |
| 2nd step in Digestion | Enzymes in Stomach break down food to liquid chyme |
| Name of Enzyme/secretion in the Stomach | Pepsin and Hydrochloric Acid |
| Organs involved in 3rd step of Digestion | Small Intestine - Pancreas, Gall Bladder |
| Organ involved in 4th Step of Digestion | Liver - it processes the nutrients and sends them back to Blood Stream |
| Organ involved in 5th Step of Digestion | Heart - Distributes Nutrients to all parts of body through Blood |
| Organ involved in 6th Step of Digestion | Large Intestine - Stores Nutrients for Elimination |
| Word that describes moving food along the digestive tract | Peristalsis |
| How Long Food stays in Mouth | 5 Minutes |
| How Long Food is in the Stomach | 30 - 60 Minutes |
| How Long Food is in the Small Intestine | 1 - 6 Hours |
| How Long Food is in the Large Intestine | 12 - 36 Hours |
| Length of Small Intestine | 6 meters |
| Where food is TOTALLY absorbed | villi in small intestine (illium and jejunum) |
| Pancreatic Enzymes | Trypsin, Amylase, Lipase |
| Gall Bladder | Stores bile (breaks down fats) |
| Liver | Bile secretion |
| Teeth (mechanical digestion in mouth) | Incisors (front;cut); canines (tear/slash); molars (grind) |
| Taste buds (on tongue) | taste 4 types taste: sweet, sour, bitter, salty, |
| Epiglottis | small flap of tissue seals off windpipe |
| Most mechanical digestion occurs here | J-shaped stomach |
| Absorption | process by which nutrient molecules pass thru wall of digestive system into blood |
| Enzyme | protein that speeds up chemicala reactions in the body |
| Pancreas | triangular-shaped organ produces enzymes that flow into SI breaking down starches, proteins & fats |
| Rectum | waste is compressed into a solid form |
| Anus | muscular opening at end of the rectum |
| Most Chemical Digestion & Absorption occur here | Small Intestine |
| Villi | millions of finger-shaped structures lining the small intestine thart absorb nutrient molecules |
| Blood | carries nutrient molecules to all of body's cells |
| Digestive Secretions | Hydrochloric acid and bile |
| Insulin hormone | Pancreas produces insulin which keeps levels of glucose in blood under control; helps body absorb sugar and use it for energy |
