| A | B |
|---|
| The rocky outer layer of Earth | crust |
| The innermost layer of Earth | core |
| The innermost layer of the mantle | mesosphere |
| The outermost layer of the mantle | lithosphere |
| The resistance of a mineral to scratching | hardness |
| How a mineral breaks | fracture |
| An igneous rock that forms underground | intrusive |
| A sedimentary rock that forms from broken fragments of other rocks | clastic |
| A sedimentary rock that forms from shells and skeletons of dead organisms | organic |
| A naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a crystal structure and a characteristic chemical composition | mineral |
| The way in which a mineral's surface reflects light | luster |
| A rock that has been changed by temperature, pressure, or chemical reactions | metamorphic |
| A series of processes in which rocks continuously change from one type to another | rock cycle |
| Metamorphic rocks with crystals arranged in parallel bands | foliated |
| The theory that pieces of Earth's lithosphere move about slowly on top of the asthenosphere | plate tectonics |
| The location where old oceanic crust is destroyed | trench |
| The type of boundary where plates move away from each other | divergent |
| A break in a mass of rock along which movement occurs | fault |
| The location on Earth's surface directly above the focus | epicenter |
| A device that can record seismic waves | seismograph |
