| A | B |
|---|
| Earthquake | sudden movement of sections of lithosphere |
| Fault | a break in a mass of rock |
| Fold | a bend in the rock layers |
| Stress | pressure along a fault |
| Seismic waves | waves caused by an earthquake |
| S waves | transverse waves created by an earthquake |
| P waves | longitudinal waves created by an earthquake |
| surface waves | waves between 2 mediums |
| epicenter | the place on the surface above where an earthquake occurs |
| focus | the place where an earthquake originates |
| volcano | a mountain formed from lava and magma |
| cinder cone | a small steep volcano |
| shield volcano | a gently sloping volcano |
| composite volcano | a volcano composed of ash and lava |
| dike | magma that cooled in a verticle crack |
| sill | magma that cooled in a horizontal crack |
| pipe | verticle channel through which magma rises |
| batholith | largest igneous rock formation |
| magma chamber | where magma collects before an eruption |
| cauldera | a large depression formed when the top blows off a volcano |
| crater | the bowl-shaped opening at the top of a volcano |
| volcanic neck | a structure that forms when magma hardens in the neck of a volcano |
| vent | a opening in the earth where magma escapes |
