| A | B |
|---|
| rhyme | repetition of sounds in words that appear close to each other in a poem |
| alliteration | repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words |
| onomatopoeia | words that sound like what they mean |
| rhyme scheme | pattern of rhymes formed by the end rhymes in a poem |
| repetition | the recurrence of sounds, words, phrases,lines, or stanzas in a piece of writing |
| refrain | the repetition of a line or stanza in a poem or piece of music |
| line | smallest unit of a stanza |
| stanza | a group of lines forming a unit in a poem |
| couplet | two consecutive lines of poetry with end rhyme |
| blank verse | unrhymed iambic pentameter |
| free verse | poetry that has no fixed pattern of meter, rhyme, line length, or stanza arrangement |
| imagery | collection of sensory pictures that help the reader of a literary work to visualize scenes, hear sounds, feel textures,smell aromas, and taste items that are described |
| personification | figure of speech in which an animal, idea, or object is given human form or characteristics |
| simile | figure of speech using like, as, than, or other comparative word to compare seemingly different things |
| metaphor | figure of speech that makes direct comparisons of seemingly unlike things without the use of comparative words |
| denotation / literal language | the dictionary meaning of a word |
| connotation | the associative (implied) meaning of a word |
| allusion | a reference in a literary work to a well-known character, place, or situation from another work of literature, music, art, or history |
| hyperbole | figure of speech using exaggeration or overstatement for special effect |
| apostrohe | figure of speech in which an absent or dead person, absract quality, or something inanimate is directly addressed |
| narrative poetry | tells a story |
| epic poetry | a long narrative poem that traces the adventures of a hero |
| ballad | short, musical narrative poem (often sung) |
| lyric poetry | poetry that expresses a speaker's personal thoughts and feelings - usually short- the most popular form of poetry |
| dramatic poetry | poetry in which one or more characters speak to other characters, themselves, or the reader |
| dramatic monologue | a form of dramatic poetry that presents only one speaker, who addresses a silent audience |
| sonnet | lyric poem of fourteen lines |
| English sonnet | three quatrains followed by a coupllet |
| Shakespearean sonnet | same as an English sonnet - popularized by Shakespeare |
| Italian sonnet | octave followed by a sestet |
| Petrarcan sonnet | same as Italian - Petrarch created this format |
| haiku | Japanese verse form of three lines that consist of five syllables in the first line, seven syllables in the second line, and five syllables in the third line for a total of seventeen syllables - often uses nature imagery |
| iambic pentameter | five units of syllables - each unit consists of one unstressed syllable followed by one stressed syllable- this makes a single line of poetry |
| poetry | the most concentrated form of literature; more musicao and fanciful than prose |
| prose | recreates the familiar rhythm of everyday speech; go mfrom margin to margin (left to right) and from the top to the bottom of the page |
| speaker | the voice of the poem; may be anyone or anything |
| tone | attitude taken by the author or speaker toward the subject of the work |
| end rhyme | rhyme that occurs at the end of a line of poetry |
| slant rhyme | occurs when some of the sounds are similar but not identical |
| internal rhyme | rhyme that occurs within a single line of poetry |
| consonance | the repetition of the same consonant sound but paired with different vowel sounds |
| assonance | the repetition of the same vowel sounds but paired with different consonant sounds |
| rhythm | the pattern of beats created by the arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables |
| parallelism | the use of a series of words, phrases, or sentences that have similar grammatical form |
| meter | creates rhythm through the use of stressed and unstressed syllableds in a predictable pattern |
| iamb | an unstressed syllable followede by a stressed syllable |
| foot | the basic unit in the measurement of rhythm |
| symbol | any object, person, place, or experience that means more than what it literally is |
| understatement | a restrained statement in which less is said than is meant |
| song | lyric poem set to music |
