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| SOL CE.2a - Name five fundamental political principals that shaped our Constitution and our government. | CONSENT OF THE GOVERNED; LIMITED GOVERNMENT; RULE OF LAW; DEMOCRACY; AND REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT |
| SOL CE.2a - Fundamental Political Principle #1 - People are the source of any and all governmental power. | CONSENT OF THE GOVERNED |
| SOL CE.2a - Fundamental Political Principle #2 - Government is not all-powerful and may do only those things people have given it the power to do. | LIMITED GOVERNMENT |
| SOL CE.2a - Fundamental Polical Principle #3 - The government and those who govern are bound by the law. | RULE OF LAW |
| SOL CE.2a - Fundamental Political Principle #4 - In such a system of government the people rule. | DEMOCRACY |
| SOL CE.2a - Fundamental Political Principle #5 - People elect public officeholders to make laws and conduct government on their behalf. | REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT |
| SOL CE.2b - Name five documents of American history that influenced the development of the Constitution and constitutional government. | CHARTERS OF THE VIRGINIA COMPANY OF LONDON; THE VIRGINIA DECLARATION OF RIGHTS; THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE; THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION; THE VIRGINIA STATUTE FOR RELIGIOUS FREEDOM |
| SOL CE.2b – Which of the documents that influenced the Constitution guaranteed the colonists the same rights given to all English citizens? | CHARTERS OF THE VIRGINIA COMPANY OF LONDON |
| SOL CE.2b - Which of the documents that influenced the Constitution served as a model for the Bill of Rights? | THE VIRGINIA DECLARATION OF RIGHTS |
| SOL CE.2b - Which of the documents that influenced the Constitution brought forth the idea that people have "certain unalienable rights" (life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness) and that all people are equal under the law? | DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE |
| SOL CE.2b - Under this plan of government, the weakness of the central government which was given no power to tax or enforce laws led to the writing of the Constitution. | ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION |
| SOL CE.2b - Which of the documents that influenced the Constitution guaranteed freedom of religious beliefs and opinions? | VIRGINIA STATUTE FOR RELIGIOUS FREEDOM |
| SOL CE.2b – This document establishes the structure of the U.S. Government, guarantees equality under the law with majority rule and the rights of the minority protected. | CONSTITUTION (INCLUDING THE BILL OF RIGHTS) |
| SOL CE.2b - What were the Articles of Confederation? Why didn’t they work? | THE FIRST PLAN OF GOV’T; MAINTAINED THAT MAJOR POWERS RESIDED WITH THE STATES; PROVIDED FOR A WEAK CENTRAL GOVERNMENT WITH NO POWER TO TAX OR ENFORCE LAWS. |
| SOL CE.2b - Under the Articles of Confederation, most power resided with the: | STATES |
| SOL CE.2b – Which document stated grievances against the king of Great Britain and declared the colonies’ independence from Great Britain? | THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE |
| SOL CE.2b - Which document protects the fundamental freedoms of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition? | THE BILL OF RIGHTS (THE FIRST 10 AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION) |
| SOL CE.2c – What is the introduction to the Constitution called? | THE PREAMBLE |
| SOL CE.2c – What are the reasons stated in the preamble for creating the government? | TO FORM A UNION, TO ESTABLISH JUSTICE, TO ENSURE DOMESTIC PEACE (TRANQUILITY), TO PROVIDE DEFENSE |
| SOL CE.2c – What are the first words in the Preamble to the Constitution? | WE THE PEOPLE... |
| SOL CE.2c – Why does the Preamble to the Constitution begin with the words, “We the people”? | THESE WORDS ESTABLISH THAT THE POWER OF GOVERNMENT COMES FROM THE PEOPLE. |
| SOL CE.3a – What are the two means of obtaining U.S. citizenship? | BIRTH, NATURALIZATION |
| SOL CE.3a – Which amendment defines 'citizenship' as 'all persons born or naturalized in the U.S.'? | 14th AMENDMENT |
| SOL CE.3a – A person with certain rights and duties under a government, and who, by birth or by choice, owes allegiance to that government. | A CITIZEN |
| SOL CE.3a – Immigration and naturalization, particularly in the twentieth century, have led to an increasingly ______ society. | DIVERSE |
| SOL CE.3a – To become a citizen through naturalization, what must a person demonstrate? | KNOWLEDGE OF AMERICAN HISTORY AND PRINCIPLES AND THE ABILITY TO SPEAK AND WRITE ENGLISH |
| SOL CE.3a – How can a person born in a different country become a U.S. citizen? | THROUGH THE PROCESS OF NATURALIZATION, WHICH REQUIRES AMONG OTHER THINGS THAT THE PERON LEARN ENGLISH AND LEARN ABOUT U.S. HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT |
| SOL CE.3b – The Constitution establishes and protects the citizen's fundamental _______ and ______. | RIGHTS AND LIBERTIES |
| SOL CE.3b – Few rights, if any, are considered ______. | ABSOLUTE |
| SOL CE.3b – What does it mean to say that few rights, if any, are considered absolute? Give an example. | FREEDOM OF SPEECH DOES NOT MEAN A PERSON HAS THE RIGHT TO SHOUT “FIRE” IN A CROWDED MOVIE THEATER. |
| SOL CE.3b – Name five first amendment freedoms. | FREEDOM OF SPEECH, RELIGION, PRESS, ASSEMBLY, AND PETITION |
| SOL CE.3b – What is the 1st Amendment freedom that protects people's right to peacefully gather | FREEDOM OF ASSEMBLY |
| SOL CE.3b – What is the 1st Amendment freedom that protects people's right to make their views known to public officials? | FREEDOM OF PETITION |
| SOL CE.3b – Which freedom gives newspaper and TV reporters the right to gather and publish information, including that which criticizes the government? | FREEDOM OF THE PRESS |
| SOL CE.3b – What is “due process”? | THE CONSTITUTIONAL PROTECTION AGAINST UNFAIR GOVERNMENTAL ACTIONS AND LAWS |
| SOL CE.3b – Which amendment extends the due process protection to actions of the states? | The 14th amendment |
| SOL CE.3C – What are the important duties of a citizen? | OBEY LAWS, PAY TAXES, SERVE IN ARMED FORCES, SERVE ON A JURY OR AS A WITNESS IN COURT |
| SOL CE.3C – Are citizens required to fulfill their civic duties or are civic duties voluntary? | REQUIRED |
| SOL CE.3C – What do citizens face who choose not to fulfill their civic duties? | LEGAL CONSEQUENCE (JAIL OR FINES) |
| SOL CE.3d – Civic responsibilities are - | VOLUNTARY |
| SOL CE.3d – What are some responsibilities of citizens? | REGISTER AND VOTE; HOLD ELECTIVE OFFICE; INFLUENCE GOVERNMENT BY COMMUNICATING WITH GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS; SERVE IN VOLUNTARY, APPOINTED POSITIONS; PARTICIPATE IN POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS; KEEP INFORMED REGARDING CURRENT ISSUES; RESPECT OTHERS' RIGHTS TO AN EQUAL VOICE IN GOVERNMENT |
| SOL CE.3d – Is paying taxes a “civic duty” or a “civic responsibility”? | CIVIC DUTY |
| SOL CE.3d – Is serving on a jury or as a witness a “civic duty” or a “civic responsibility”? | CIVIC DUTY |
| SOL CE.3d – Is serving in the armed forces if called a “civic duty” or a “civic responsibility”? | CIVIC DUTY |
| SOL CE.3d – Is registering to vote a “civic duty” or a “civic responsibility”? | CIVIC RESPONSIBILITY (VOLUNTARY) |
| SOL CE.3d – Is obeying laws a “civic duty” or a “civic responsibility”? | CIVIC DUTY |
| SOL CE.4 – What are some personal traits of good citizens? | TRUSTWORTHINESS AND HONESTY; COURTESY AND RESPECT FOR THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS; RESPONSIBILITY, ACCOUNTABILITY, AND SELF-RELIANCE; RESPECT FOR THE LAW; PATRIOTISM |
| SOL CE.5a – Political parties play a key role in government and provide opportunities for citizens to _______ in the political process. | PARTICIPATE |
| SOL CE.5a – What are the functions of political parties? | RECRUITING AND NOMINATING CANDIDATES; EDUCATING THE ELECTORATE ABOUT CAMPAIGN ISSUES; HELPING CANDIDATES WIN ELECTIONS; MONITORING ACTIONS |
| SOL CE.5b – The American political process is characterized by a ____-_____ system. | TWO-PARTY |
| SOL CE.5b – Third parties _____ win elections, but they play an important role. | RARELY |
| SOL CE.5b – How are the major political parties similar? | BOTH INFLUENCE PUBLIC POLICIES; BOTH REFLECT BOTH LIBERAL AND CONSERVATIVE VIEWS; BOTH WIN MAJORITY SUPPORT BY APPEALING TO THE POLITICAL CENTER |
| SOL CE.5b – How are the major political parties different? | THEY EXPRESS DIFFERENT VIEWS ON ISSUES WHICH ARE STATED IN THE PARTY'S PLATFORM AND STATED BY CANDIDATES IN THE CAMPAIGN |
| SOL CE.5b – How do third parties differ from the two major parties? | THEY INTRODUCE NEW IDEAS OR PRESS FOR A PARTICULAR ISSUE; THEY OFTEN REVOLVE AROUND A POLITICAL PERSONALITY (E.G., THEODORE ROOSEVELT'S BULL MOOSE PARTY) |
| SOL CE.5b – If third parties rarely win, why are they important? | THEY INTRODUCE NEW IDEAS AND SOMETIMES INFLUENCE THE OUTCOME FOR OTHER CANDIDATES |
| SOL CE.5b – Which president ran and won as a third party candidate? | THEODORE ROOSEVELT (BULL MOOSE PARTY) |
| SOL CE.5c – How do citizens make informed choices among candidates in elections? | VOTERS MUST EVALUATE INFORMATION PRESENTED IN POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS, LOOKING FOR BIAS AND ACCURACY. |
| SOL CE.5c – What are some of the strategies for evaluating campaign speeches, literature, and advertisements for accuracy? | VOTERS SHOULD TRY TO SEPARATE FACT FROM OPINION; LOOK FOR BIAS; EVALUATE SOURCES; IDENTIFY PROPAGANDA |
| SOL CE.5c – What is “the media”? | NEWSPAPERS, TV, THE INTERNET AND ANY WAYS INFORMATION IS DISTRIBUTED TO THE PUBLIC |
| SOL CE.5c – What role does the media play in the political process? | FAMILIARIZES THE PUBLIC WITH THE CANDIDATES; EMPHASIZES CERTAIN SELECTED ISSUES; EXPRESSES OPINIONS IN EDITORIALS, POLITICAL CARTOONS, OP-ED PIECES; BROADCASTS DIFFERENT POINTS OF VIEW |
| SOL CE.5d – Is running for political office inexpensive or expensive? | EXPENSIVE |
| SOL CE.5d – The high cost of getting elected gives an advantage to _____ candidates. | WEALTHY |
| SOL CE.5d – Rising campaign costs require candidates to conduct extensive ___-_____ activities. | FUND-RAISING |
| SOL CE.5d – Rising campaign costs encourage the development of (PACs). What are PACs? | POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEES |
| SOL CE.5d – What do PACs do? | POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEES (PACS) ARE ORGANIZATIONS DEDICATED TO RAISING AND SPENDING MONEY TO EITHER ELECT OR DEFEAT POLITICAL CANDIDATES. |
| SOL CE.5d – Rising campaign costs have led to efforts to reform - | CAMPAIGN FINANCE LAWS |
| SOL CE.5d – Due to rising campaign costs, campaign finance reform laws have been passed which limit - | THE AMOUNT INDIVIDUALS CAN CONTRIBUTE TO POLITICAL CANDIDATES AND CAMPAIGNS |
| SOL CE.5e – What is required before a citizen may vote? | VOTER REGISTRATION |
| SOL CE.5e – What are the qualifications to register to vote in Virginia? | MUST BE A U.S. CITIZEN, A VA RESIDENT, 18 YEARS OLD BY ELECTION DAY |
| SOL CE.5e – How does one register in Virginia? | IN PERSON AT THE REGISTRAR'S OFFICE, AT THE DIVISION OF MOTOR VEHICLES, OR AT OTHER DESIGNATED SITES; BY MAIL |
| SOL CE.5e – When does voter registration close? | 29 DAYS BEFORE THE ELECTION |
| SOL CE.5e – The number of citizens who register and vote is related to - | HOW IMPORTANT THE ELECTION ISSUES ARE TO CITIZENS |
| SOL CE.5e – Why do citizens often fail to vote? | LACK OF INTEREST; FAILURE TO REGISTER |
| SOL CE.5e – What are the factors in predicting which citizens will vote? | EDUCATION, AGE, INCOME |
| SOL CE.5e – The percentage of voters who participate in presidential elections is usually _______ than the percentage of voters who participate in state and local elections. | GREATER |
| SOL CE.5e – Every vote is _____ . | IMPORTANT |
| SOL CE.5f - The __________ process is used to select the President and Vice President of the United States. | ELECTORAL COLLEGE |
| SOL CE.5f - How does the electoral college select the President and Vice President of the United States? | THE SLATE OF ELECTORS FOR EACH STATE IS CHOSEN BY POPULAR VOTE DURING THE GENERAL ELECTION; THE ELECTORS MEET TO VOTE FOR PRESIDENT AND VICE PRESIDENT. |
| SOL CE.5f – How does the electoral college process affect the voting outcome? | THE RESULT IS A “WINNER TAKE ALL SYSTEM”. EACH STATE GIVES ALL OF ITS ELECTORAL VOTES TO ONE CANDIDATE. |
| SOL CE.5f – How does the “winner take all" system affect how candidates campaign? | CANDIDATES TARGET LARGE STATES WITH THE GREATEST NUMBER OF ELECTORAL VOTES. |
| SOL CE.5f – In a winner-take-all electoral college system, why should candidates pay any attention at all to small states? | IN A TIGHT RACE, THE ELECTORAL VOTES OF SMALL STATES MAY MAKE THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WINNING AND LOSING. |
| SOL CE.5f – What determines the number of electors given to each state? | THE STATE’S CONGRESSIONAL REPRESENTATION |
| SOL CE.5f – How does the electoral college favor a two-party system? | A THIRD PARTY CANDIDATE MAY GET A SUBSTANCIAL VOTE IN EACH STATE, BUT END UP WITH ZERO ELECTORAL VOTES. |
