| A | B |
|---|
| Deviance | the recognized violation of cultural norms |
| Stigma | a powerfully negative label that greatly changes a person's self-concept and social identity |
| Crime | the violation of a society's formally enacted criminal law |
| Hate Crime | a criminal act against a person or a person's property by an offender motivated by racial or other bias |
| Absolute Poverty | a deprivation of resources that is life threatening |
| Relative Poverty | the deprivation of some people in relation to those who have more |
| Caste system | social stratification based on ascription, or birth |
| Class system | social stratification based on both birth and individual achievement |
| Intergenerational Social Mobility | upward or downward social mobility of children in relation to their parents |
| Intragenerational Socail Mobility | a change in social position occurring during a person's lifetime |
| Gender | the personal traits and social positions that memebers of a society attach to being male or female |
| Gender Roles | attitudes and activities that a society links to each sex |
| Sex | the biological distinction between females and males |
| Segregation | the physical and social separation of categories of people |
| Dependency Theory | a model of economic and social development that explains global inequality in terms of the historical exploitation of poor nations by rich ones |
| Modernization Theory | a model of economic and social development that explains global inequality in terms of technological and cultural differences between nations |
| Patriarchy | a form of social organization in which males dominate females |
| Prejudice | a rigid and unfair generalization about an entire category of people |
| Racism | the belief that one racial category is innately superior or inferior to another |
| Labeling Theory | the assertion that deviance and conformity result not so much from what people do as from how others respond to those actions |
