| A | B |
|---|
| a living thing | organism |
| the basic unit of structure and function in living things | cell |
| made of a single cell | unicellular |
| an organism that makes it own food | autotroph |
| an organism that cannot make its own food | heterotroph |
| the process of grouping things based on their similarities | classification |
| the scientific study of how living things are classified | taxonomy |
| the system for naming organisms in which each organism is given a unique, two-part scientific name | binomial nomenclature |
| a classification grouping that consists of a number of similar, closely related species | genus |
| a group of organisms that are physically similar and can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce | species |
| an organism whose cells lack a nucleus and some other cell structures | prokaryote |
| the control center of a eukaryotic cell that directs the cell's activities and contains the information that determines the cell's form and function | nucleus |
| an organism whose cells contain nuclei | eukaryote |
| a widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things | cell theory |
| a tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell | organelle |
| a rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms | cell wall |
| the outside cell boundary that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell | cell membrane |
| the material within a cell apart from the nucleus | cytoplasm |
| rod-shaped cell structures that convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions | mitochondria |
| a cell structure that forms passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried through the cell | endoplasmic reticulum |
| a small grain-like structure in the cytoplasm of a cell where proteins are made | ribosome |
| a structure in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell | Golgi body |
| a structure in the cells of plants and some other organisms that captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food | chloroplast |
| a sac inside a cell that acts as a storage area | vacuole |
| a small, round cell structure containing chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones | lysosome |
| devised a system of naming organisms based on their observable features | Linnaeus |
| discovered one celled organisms moving in water | Leeuwenhoek |
| named th empty spaces in cork "cells" | Hooke |
| concluded that all animals are made up of cells | Schwann |
| concluded that all plants are made of cells | Schleiden |
| proposed that new cells are formed only from cells that already exist | Virchow |
