| A | B |
|---|
| igneous rocks | formed when magma cools and hardens |
| Magma | called lava if it cools at the earth's surface |
| sediment | when rocks are broken down into fragments |
| sedimentary rocks | formed when sediment deposits harden after being compressed and cemented together |
| metamorphic rock | rocks formed by tremendous pressure, extreme heat and chemical processes |
| rock cycle | process by which rocks change from one major type to another |
| intrusive igneous rocks | cooling of magma deep below the crust produces |
| extrusive igneous rocks | rapid cooling of lava on the earth's surface |
| porphyry | an igneous rock with a mixture of large and small crystals |
| felsic | granite is fromed from magmas called felsic which are high in silica |
| mafic | rocks in the basalt family are formed from mafic |
| batholiths | the largest of all intrusions |
| stock | an intrusion similar to a batholith |
| sedimentary rock | made up of an accumulation of sediments |
| clastic sedimentary rock | rocks formed from rock fragments carried away by water, wind or ice |
| chemical sedimatary rock | fromed from minerals that have been dissolved in water |
| organic sedimentary rock | forms from the remains of organisms |
| conglomerate | rock composed of rounded gravel-sized fragments |
| breccia | fragments that have sharp corners |
| evaporites | the dissolved minerals left behind form rocks called evaporites |
| stratification | layering of sedimentary rocks |
| fossils | the remains of ancient plants and animals |
| metamorphic rock | rocks formed from heat, pressure and chemical processes |
| contact metamorphism | rocks that have been changed by hot magma pushing through existing rock |
| regional metamorphism | metamorphism occuring over an area of thousands of square kilometers during periods of tectonic activity |
