| A | B |
|---|
| CARRYING POWER | total amount of sediment a stream can carry & the size of the particles |
| RIVERS ALWAYS SHIFT TO THE _______ OF A BEND | outside; outside of a river bend has the fastest moving water & most erosion; check your diagram from you notes- this question is asked A LOT |
| OXBOW LAKE | the crescent shaped lake formed when a river meander gets cut off from the river and the ends of the original bend have silted up |
| RUNOFF IS THE GREATEST ON ________ | pavement; water can not be absorbed like it can in forest or grassy areas |
| _______ sediment drops first when a river enders an open body of water | larger- because it is heavier and the water is slowed as it enters the open body of water |
| LOAD | The amount of sediment carried by running water or wind |
| CUT BANK | formed by the force of flowing water hitting the outside of a curve and eroding the bank |
| POINT BAR | Formed by the deposition (dropping the load) of water that slows as it flows around the inside of a curve |
| MOVING WATER | The major agent of erosion that has shaped the Earth's surface |
| RUNOFF | Water that flows over Earth's surface |
| RILLS | Tiny grooves formed in the soil formed by runoff |
| GULLIES | Large groove, or channel that carries runoff |
| STREAM | Channel along which water is continually flowing down a slope |
| RIVER | Large stream |
| TRIBUTARY | A stream or river that flows into a larger stream or river |
| DRAINAGE BASIN | The land area from which a river and its tributaries collect their water |
| DIVIDE | The high ground seperating two drainage basins |
| FLOOD PLAIN | A wide plain created by a river as it erodes the land |
| MEANDER | A loop - like bend in a river that forms as it travels over flatter land and easily eroded rock or sediment |
| OXBOW LAKE | A meander that has been cut off through deposition from the river |
| ALLUVIAL FAN | Wide, sloping, fan-shaped deposit of sediment formed by a stream as it leaves a mountain range |
| DELTA | A landform made of sediment deposited at the end (mouth) of a river |
| GROUNDWATER | (Yes, it flows!) Water under ground |
| STALACTITE | Mineral (calcite) deposit that forms form water dripping and evaporating from the ceilings of caves |
| STALAGMITE | Mineral (calcite) deposit that forms from water dripping and evaporating onto the floors of caves |
| KARST TOPOGRAPHY | Valleys, caverns, and sinkholes caused by erosion from underground water |
| ENERGY | The ability to do work or cause change |
| POTENTIAL ENERGY | Energy that is stored for later use |
| KINETIC ENERGY | The energy that matter has due to motion |
| ABRASION | The wearing away of rock by a grinding action |
| TURBULENCE | The rough flow of water caused by friction from rocks, boulders, and other features |
| GLACIER | (yes! it moves too!) Large mass of ice that moves slowly over land |
| VALLEY GLACIER | Long, narrow glacier that forms from snow and ice build up in mountain valleys |
| CONTINENTAL GLACIER | Extremely large glacier that covers much of a continent; AKA Ice sheets |
| ICE AGE | Periods of time in Earth's history when continental glaciers covered much of Earth's land area and sea levels were lower |
| PLUCKING | The action of glaciers as they pick up and carry rocks down hill |
| ABRASION (GLACIER) | Gouges and scratches in bedrock caused by glaciers carrying rocks |
| TILL | The mixture of sediments deposited by a glacier |
| MORAINE | Ridges of glacial till either along the sides of a glacier (Lateral Moraine) or at the end (Terminal Moraine) |
| OCEAN WAVES | Energy traveling in the ocean in the form of waves |
| BEACH | Area of wave-washed sediment along a coast (usually sandy, but sometimes rocky) |
| LONGSHORE DRIFT | Process in which waves move sediment along the direction of the current |
| SAND DUNE | Deposit of wind-blown sand |
| DEFLATION | The process by which wind removes sediment |
| LOESS | Fine, wind blown sediments that collect in large deposits |
