| A | B |
|---|
| Geiger Counter | produces electric current in the presence of radioactivity |
| Bubble Chamber | uses a visible trail of bubbles in superheated hydrogen to detect radiation |
| Cloud Chamber | Radiation detected by a trail left on the lining of the chamber by droplets of alcohol surrounding radioactive particles |
| electroscope | thin metal leaves separate inthe presence of radiation |
| photographic paper | How Becquerel first detected radiation |
| radioactive | gives off nuclear radiation |
| binding energy | energy needed to hold the nucleus together |
| transmutation | process by which the nucleus of an atom changes so that a new element is formed |
| fission | splitting of an atomic nucleus into two smaller nuclei |
| isotopes | atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons |
| alpha particle | two protons, two neutrons |
| beta decay | a neutron breaks apart, creating a proton and an electron |
| gamma decay | high-energy wave, lowering the energy state of the nucleus |
| fusion | hydrogen atoms fuse together to form helium atoms, releasing high amounts of energy |
