| A | B |
|---|
| sociology | systematic study of human society |
| social structure | refers to any relatively stable pattern of social behavior |
| social conflict | framework for building theory that sees society as an arena of inequality that makes conflict |
| Harriet Martineau | translated early sociology works into english |
| W.E.B Du Bois | spoke out against racial inequality |
| cultural transmission | process by which one generation passes culture. |
| popular culture | cultural patterns that are widespread among a society |
| ethnocentrism | practice of judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture |
| Instincts | biological programming over which animals have no control |
| personality | a person's fairly consistent patterns of acting, thinking, and feeling |
| peer group | a group whose members have interests, social position, and age in common |
| Jean Piaget | developed four stages of cognitive development |
| Erik Erikson | challenges that individuals face 8 stages of life (infancy to old age) |
| anticipatory socialization | process of social learning directed toward gaining a desired position |
| status | social position that a person occupies |
| role | behavior expected of someone who holds a particular status |
| Harold Garfinkel | coined the term ethnomethodology-study of how people make sense of their everyday surroundings |
| nonverbal communication | communication using body movements, gestures, and facial expressions instead of speaking |
| in group | social group commanding a members esteem and loyality |
| triad | three members in a social group |
| oligarchy | the ruling of many by few |
| Max Weber | values and beliefs passed from generations to generations |
| Samuel Stouffer | analyzed an Army group about positive thinking of promotion |
| intersexual people | human beings whose bodies have both male and female characteristics |
| sexual orientation | a persons romantic and emotional attraction to another person |
| homophobia | dread of close personal interaction with people thought to be gay, lesbian or bisexual |
| Helen Colton | discussed modesty in women of different cultures |
| Simon Levay | sexual orientationto the structure of the brain |
| group think | tendency of group members to conform by adopting a narrow view of issue |
| Thomas theory | situations defined as real beome real in their consequences. |
