| A | B |
|---|
| order of operations (PEMDAS) | Rules for evaluating mathematical expressions. |
| prime number | A number with exactly two factors, 1 and itself. |
| composite number | A number with factors other than itself and one. |
| integers | Positive or negative whole numbers and zero. |
| rational numbers | A number that can be expressed as a fraction or ratio of integers. |
| irrational numbers | Numbers that cannot be written as integers or ratios. |
| fractions | A number that compares part of an object or a set with the whole. |
| mixed number | A whole number and a fraction. |
| equivalent ratio | Two ratios that have the same value. |
| greatest common factor | The greatest number that divides into all given numbers. |
| least common multiple | The least common number that is a multiple of given numbers. |
| percent | A number out of one hundred. |
| proportion | A statement of equality between two ratios. |
| non-proportional | A statement of inequality between two ratios. |
| unit rate | A rate with denominator of 1. |
| constant factor | A factor with the same value. |
| variable | A symbol or letter representing an unknown member of a set. In algebraic expressions, a variable stands for a value. Sometimes it is called an unknown. |
| unknown | In number sentences, algebraic expressions, or equations, the uknown values are represented by variables. |
| standard notation | Decimal notation. |
| scientific notation | A shorthand way of writing very large or very small numbers using powers of ten. |
| exponent | A symbol indicating how many times the quantity is to be multiplied by itself to produce the power shown. |
| part to whole | Comparing part of an object or a set to the whole. |
| power | A number that can be written using an exponent. |
| base | In exponential notation, the number read first. |
| place value system | The value of each digit in a number depends in its place or position in that number. |
| square | The result when you multiply a number by itself. |
| square root | A number that, when multiplied by itself, produces the given number. An inverse operation of squaring a number. |
| radical sign | The symbol used to indicate a nonnegative square root. |
| congruency | Exactly equal. Matching exactly. Two figures that have the same shape and the same size. |
| similarity | The same in shape but not in size. Two shapes with corresponding angles that are equal and all sides are enlarged or reduced in the same ratio. |
| 2-dimensional figure | When something has length and width. |
| 3-dimensional figure | When something has length, width, and height. |
| corresponding parts | Angles or sides in the same or similar position. |
| associative property | When three or more numbers are added or multiplied, changing the way the numbers are grouped does not change the answer. |
| commutative property | The order in which two or more numbers are added or multiplied does not affect the answer. |
| multiplicative inverse | A number times this is equal to 1. |
| reciprocal | The fraction obtained by interchanging the numerator and denominator. |
| estimate | A rough or approximate calculation. |
| approximate | Nearly, not exactly, but almost. |
| reasonableness | Not excessive or extreme, rational, being within the bounds of common sense. |
| determine | To establish or ascertain definitely, as after consideration, investigation, or calculation. |
| justify | To demonstrate or prove to be correct. |
| compare/contrast | Identifying whether objects, measures, or quantities are the same or different. |
