| A | B |
|---|
| Bill of Rights | The first 10 Amendments to the Constitution |
| civil liberties | The guarantees of the safety persons, opinions, and property from the arbitrary acts of government, including freedom of speech, and freedom of religion |
| civil rights | A term used for those positive acts of government that seek to make constitutional guarantees a reality for all people, e.g. prohibitions against discrimination |
| alien | Foreign born resident or non citizen |
| Due Process Clause | Part of the 14th Amendment which guarantees that no State deny basic rights to its people |
| process of incorporation | The process of incorporating, or including, most of the guarantees in the Bill of Rights into the 14th Amendment's Due Process Clause |
| Establishment Clause | Separates church and states |
| parochial | Church related |
| Free Exercise Clause | The second part of the Constitutional guarantee of religious freedom, which guarantees to each person the right to believe whatever he or she chooses in matters of religion |
| libel | False and malicious use of printed words |
| slander | False and malicious use of spoken words |
| sedition | The crime of attempting to overthrow the government by force, or to disrupt its lawful activities by violent acts |
| seditious speech | The advocating, or urging, of an attempt to overthrow the government by force, or to disrupt its lawful activities with violence |
| prior restraint | The government cannot curb ideas before the are expressed |
| shield law | Gives reporters some protection against having to disclose their sources or reveal other confidential information in legal proceedings |
| symbolic speech | Expression by conduct, communicating ideas through facial expressions, body language, or by carrying a sign or wearing an arm band |
| picketing | Patrolling of a business site by workers who are on strike |
| assemble | To gather with one another in order to express views on public matters |
| content neutral | The government may not regulate assemblies on the basis on what might be said |
| right of association | The right to associate with others to promote political, economic, and other social issues |
