| A | B |
|---|
| la narrativa, narrativa (adj) | all literary works that 1) have a story, 2) have a narrator |
| un mito | a myth |
| un cuento, una historia, un argumento, un relato | a story (4) |
| contar (ue), relatar | to tell a story (2) |
| la novela; el/la novelista | novel; novelist |
| la lectura; el lector, la lectora | a reading; the reader |
| el lenguaje | language (phrases, choice of words etc.) |
| el/la cuentista | write of short stories |
| el tema; temático, -a, -os, -as | theme; adj.; meaning and message that is told in the narrative) |
| la complejidad | complexity |
| un término literario | a literary term |
| el texto literario | a literary text, piece of writing |
| una fuente de | a source of |
| la significación | the meaning |
| el autor, la autora | the author |
| los indicios | clues (within a text) |
| llevar al lector a... | lead the reader to... |
| una interpretación | an interpretation |
| una lectura crítica | a critical reading (reading something in order to analize it) |
| la investigación literaria | literary research |
| el oyente, el receptor | the one hearing, reading, receiving the message from the text |
| el emisor, el hablante | the one who sends the message in the written text |
| emisor/ mensage/ receptor --> autor/texto/lector | route of communication (3 parts) |
| los personajes | characters |
| los pensamientos, el monólogo interior | thoughts, internal monologue |
| el discurso, el lenguaje | the linguistical choices that the author makes to best communicate ideas, themes, mood, imagery etc. |
| el narratario | fictional reader |
| el lector real | the actual reader |
| el trama | plot of a narrative |
| los recursos literarios | literary devices |
| la exposición --> el desarrollo -->el suspenso -->el punto decisivo, el clímax -->el desenlace | stages of a narrative (5) |
| la exposición | stage of narrative plot: when the necessary facts to understand the action are presented (setting, relationships, etc.) |
| el ambiente | atmosphere (i.e. of a scene) |
| la circunstancia inicial | the circumstances in the beginning of a narrative |
| la ficción; ficticio, -a, -os, -as | fiction; adj. |
| el protagonista | the main character, protagonist |
| el desarrollo | stage of narrative plot: the introduction of the characters, their actions, their motives |
| el suspenso | stage of narrative plot: the dramatic tension building up in the reader as to what is going to happen |
| el punto decisivo | stage of narrative plot: turning point; can be a decision or the revelation of something that changes the direction of the plot |
| el clímax | stage of narrative plot: culminating moment, highest point of the action, the result of the turning point |
| el desenlace, el dénouement | stage of narrative plot: when the final consequences of the climax are presented |
| un final cerrado vs. un final abierto | an ending in which the ending is known/shown vs. an ending in which the ending is unknown/unrevealed without resolution |
| la justicia poética | poetic justice: when the good are rewarded and the bad punished |
| el discurso | the narrative elements that make up narrative language |
| la descripción | element of discourse: description, used to create the setting in time and space of the narrative |
| el diálogo | element of discourse: verbal interaction between characters |
| el comentario del narrador | element of discourse: offers facts, often judgments, about narrative situation or characters |
| la organizacion de la materia | element of discourse: organization of the material, way he/she has organized them |
| la creación del ambiente | element of discourse: creation of the atmosphere |
| el tono | element of discourse: tone, mood that the narrator uses with regards to the story's elements; can be serious, funny etc. |
| el marco escénico: el tiempo y el lugar | the scene boundaries: time and place |
| el narrador omnisciente | omniscent (all knowing) narrator |
| el monólogo interior | stream of consciousness |
| las funciones discursivas | parts of the discourse |
| el discurso literal vs. el discurso figurado | literal, direct discourse vs. figurative, indirect discourse |
| un símbolo | symbol |
| un arquetipo | a symbol that has universal acceptance (Venus as image of female physical beauty) |
| una imágen | an image |
| un símil | a simile, comparison of two things using "like" |
| una metáfora | metaphor: comparison of two things using similar imagery |
| el valor significativo | the fundamental message |
| un valor normativo o axiomático | a theme promoted by the author good for the society as a whole |
| la ironía dramática | dramatic irony |
| un tema explícito vs. un tema implícito | a theme presented directly vs one presented subtly or indirectly) |
| la ironía circunstancial | circumstantial irony: the reader doesn't become aware of the ironic situation until the culminating acts |
| el triufo del personaje hipócrita | the triump of the hypocritical character |
| la paradoja; paradójico, -a, -os, -as | paradox, an idea that seems the opposite to that commonly accepted; adj. |
| los leimotivos | themes (or situations or ideas) that recur or that are repeated |
| la cosmovisión | worldview, a common way of conceiving of the interaction of characters and their world |
| la estructura de un texto | the combination of all the literary elements, the final result of their combination |
| el punto de vista | the point of view |
| un narrador fidedigno vs. un narrador no digno de confianza (indigno) | reliable narrator vs unreliable narrator |
| un trozo, el pasaje, el fragmento | a segment of a text (3) |
| el papel | the role |
| primera persona | first person narrator: I |
| tercera persona | third person narrator: he/she |
| un personaje secundario | a secundary character |
| un observador, un testigo | an observer, a witness |
| el esquema | chart, sequence of events |
| un signo | a word that evokes an image that is commonly repeated throughout a story; example could be from GGM's world with images of heat, decay, apathy, corruption (flies, smells, siesta, etc.) |
| un desdoblamiento; desdoblar | an unfolding; to unfold |
| una serie de hechos (eventos, acontecimientos) | a series of events (3) |
| una trayectoria | a journey |
| la función del tiempo | the function of time |
| un nivel temporal vs. un nivel psíquico | at a time level (chronology) vs. a pychological level |
| una oposición | a comparison of opposites; can be moral, thematic, description etc. |
| un intertexto | a reference to another piece of literature |
| un código | term for background info necessary to understand: can be biographical, geographical, historical, social etc. |
| un cuento existencial vs. un cuento policiaco/un cuento detectivesco | a detective story (2) |
| una pista falsa; despistar | a false clue; to put someone off track |
| un laberinto | a laberinth |
| una narración metafórica | a metaphorical narration |
| una descripción minusciosa | a minute description, detailed |
| la entrada | an entry (as in a diary) |
| humanizar; la humanización | to humanize; the humanization (personification) |
| comparar vs. contrastar; una comparacion vs. un contraste | to compare vs to contrast; a comparison vs. a contrast |
| la inconsequencia | inconsequence |
| el realismo mágico | form of modern narrative in which improbable elements are used within a realistic setting |
| el Boom | word describing the Latin American narrative from second half of 20th century |
