| A | B |
|---|
| What were the causes of the Sepoy Rebellion in India? | East India Company (British run) took unpopular steps British believed that they needed to convert the Indians to Christianity and save their souls |
| What action did the Sepoys take against the British? | They rose up against their British officers and massacred men, women and children. |
| How did the British react the the Sepoy Rebellion? | They crushed the revolt and burned and slaughtered Indians. |
| What were two results of the Sepoy Rebellion? | 1)Fear, mistrust and anger on both sides 2) Parliament ended rule of British East India Company and put India under British crown |
| What is imperialism? | a stronger country takes over a weaker country for their own economic benefit |
| What is the name that can be used for a nation that owns a colony? | mother country |
| Why did early European traders go to Africa? | for gold, ivory, and pepper and eventually slaves |
| How did the Industrial Revolution encourage imperialism? | industrial nations (like England) needed natural resources & raw materials for factories |
| What are some positive examples of imperialism? | Infrastructure (roads & bridges), brought religion, industry and trade to China--helped economy |
| What are some positive examples of imperialism?(Britian's perspective) | Opened schools, improved medical care, exposure to new ideas, new ag. methods |
| What were some negative examples of imperialism? (Chinese perspective) | people were enslaved, loss of culture and identity |
| What were some negative examples of imperialism? | loss of control over their own gov't. loss of land |
| What is ethnocentrism? | The Chinese belief that foreigners were barbarians. |
| What is the Middle Kingdom? | The Chinese believed that China was the center of the Universe and therefore the middle kingdom |
| Mandate of Heaven | Chinese belief that the right to rule comes from God |
| How did social Darwinism justify imperialism? | Belief in survival of the fittest--Europeanns were superior and could take control of the weaker |
| What was the Boxer Uprising? | Chinese (secret society) who did not like foreigners in their country,staged an uprising and tried to drive foreigners out |
| What were the causes of the Opium War? | British wanted more open ports for trade to sell opium |
| What were the results of the Opium War? | British win the war and force Chinese to open all the ports, new countries come in |
| What were the countries involved in China? | Britian, Russia, Japan, France, Germany |
| What was the Boer War? | Between the English and Dutch farmers in Africa over land |
| What was the result of the Boer War? | English won and set up Union of South Africa |
| What was the Berlin Conference? | European countries met in Berlin to carve up Africa between them |
| What were the long term effects of the Berlin Conference? | Africa divided by colonial boundries, not tribal boundaries--conflict between different tribes |
| What is the Indian National Congress? | made up of business people & professionals and Indian leaders educated in Europe |
| What were the goals of the Indian National Congress? | greater democracy, supported western style modernization |
| What countries were involved in Africa? | Britian, France, Germany, Belgium, Spain, Portugal, Italy |
| What are some economic causes for imperialism? | the need for natural resources, desire to expand market, desire to invest profits, outlet needed for growing population, economies strengthened by Industrial Revolution |
| What were political and military causes of imperialism? | bases needed for merchant and naval vessels, national security, nationalism, prestige of global empire, strong, centrally governed nation state |
| What are social causes of imperialism? | desire to spread Christianity and share western civilization, belief in social Darwinism, increased European self confidence |
| What are technological causes of imperialism? | medical knowledge, advances in weaponery, advances in overseas travel |
| One of the causes of the decline of the Muslim Empire was the... | Islamic Reform movement |
| The Wahhabi Movement... | sought to recapture the purity and simplicity of Muhammad's original teachings, revolt was crushed but teachings survived, important in Saudi Arabia today |
| Mahdi... | Muhammad Ahmad claimed to be Mahdi, who was suppose to be the savior of Islam, important today in Sudan |
| The decline of the Muslim empire included the Ottoman empire which was nicknamed... | "the sick old man of Europe" |
| The Ottoman empire declined because... | local rulers rebelled, poor economy, corroption, nationalist revolts, and Britain, France and Russia began to take land from Ottomans |
| In a reform effort, the Ottoman Empire... | looked to the west and build railroads, improved education, improved living conditions->population explosion, crowded empires led to unrest |
| The Young Turks wanted change and they were.... | young liberals who overthrew the sultan and found themselves in WWI before they could reform |
| What was the Armenian Massacre/Holocaust? | The Turks attempted to commit genocide |
| Reform efforts in Egypt included... | improved infrastructure, expanded cotton production which allowed Egypt to participate in world trade |
| Who was Muhammed Ali? | "The Father of Modern Egypt" |
| What were some of Ali's accomplishments? | allowed building of Suez Canal, made Egypt center for trade |
| Reforms in Iran included... | improved infrastructure, Russia and Britain fought over it, when oil was discovered here the fighting intensified |
| What did the British East India Company do? | obtained trading rights with Mughal Empire |
| Why was India a prized colony? | was a source of raw materials and British forced India to produce cash crop, improved infrastructure |
| What are the three forms of imperial control? | colonies, protectorates and spheres of influence |
| What is a protectorate? | a country with its own government but under the control of an outside power |
| What are spheres of influence? | a area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges--Europeans carved these spheres in China and elsewhere |
| What is a colony? | territory settled and ruled by people from another country |
| The Suez Canal links... | the Mediterranean and Red Seas and shortened the sea route from Europe to South and East Asia--for Britain it was the lifeline to India |
