| A | B |
|---|
| matter | anything that has mass and occupies space |
| mass | measure of the quantity of matter |
| element | substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by ordinary chemical change |
| compound | substance made up of two or more elements that ae chemically combined |
| mixture | combination of two or more substances in which each substance retains its individual properties |
| homogeneous mixture | mixture with uniform characteristics throughout |
| heterogeneous mixture | mixture with portions that have different characteristics or composition |
| properties | set of characteristics that can be used to recognize a substance |
| extensive properties | depend on the amount of the substance that is present (volume, weight, mass, length) |
| intensive properties | properties that do not depent on the amount of substance resent (melting point, boiling point) |
| density | measure of the quantity of mass of a substance that occupies one unit of volume |
| phases of matter | forms that matter take depending on the energy possessed by its particles |
| solid | particles have little energy and are close together so that they can't move past each other |
| liquid | particles have enough energy to be some what separated so that they can slide past each other |
| gas | particles have the most energy, are farthest apart |
| physical properties | characteristics of substances that can be obserrved without producing new substances |
| ductility | physical property describing metals ability to be draw or pulled into wires |
| malleability | physical property describing metals ability to be hammered into thin sheets |
| luster | physical property describing metals shiny appearance |
| conductivity | physical property describing metals ability to conduct (carry) electrical charges |
| chemical properties | characteristics describing how substances interact in the presence of other substances to produce new substances |
| physical change | change in physical properties o a substance without a change in chemical properites or composition |
| chemical change | change resulting in the production of substances that differ in chemical properties and composition from the original substance |
| law of the conservation of mass | conclusion formed by Lavoisier that matter cannot be created or destroyed by chemical changes |
| free (elemental) state | matter or elements that exist uncombined with other elements |
| combined state | matter or elements that exist combined with other elements as part of a compound |
| ore | rocks that contain useful metals |
| chemical symbols | abbreviations used to represent the names of the chemical elements |
| Al | aluminum |
| Ar | argon |
| As | arsenic |
| Ba | barium |
| Be | beryllium |
| B | boron |
| Br | bromine |
| Cd | cadmium |
| Ca | calcium |
| C | carbon |
| Cs | cesium |
| Cl | chlorine |
| Cr | chromium |
| Co | cobalt |
| Cu | copper (cuprum - latin) |
| F | fluorine |
| Fr | francium (country) |
| Au | gold (aurum - latin) |
| He | helium |
| H | hydrogen |
| I | iodine |
| Fe | iron (ferrum - latin) |
| Kr | krypton |
| Pb | lead (plumbum - latin) |
| Mg | magnesium |
| Mn | manganese |
| Hg | mercury (hydragyrum - latin) |
| Ne | neon |
| Ni | nickel |
| N | nitrogen |
| O | oxygen |
| P | phosphorous |
| Pt | platinum |
| K | potassium (kalium - latin) |
| Ra | radium |
| Rn | radon |
| Rb | rubidium |
| Se | selenium |
| Si | silicon |
| Ag | silver (argentum - latin) |
| Na | sodium (natrium - latin) |
| Sr | strontium |
| S | sulfur |
| Te | telluium |
| Th | thorium (Norse god) |
| Sn | tin (stannum - latin) |
| W | tungsten (wolfram - german) |
| U | uranium |
| Xe | xenon |
| Zn | zinc |
