| A | B |
|---|
| atom | small particles that make up matter |
| molecule | group of atoms combined together |
| proton | positive charge; found in nucleus |
| electron | negative charge; found in cloud around nucleus |
| neutron | neutral charge; found in nucleus |
| metals | found on left side of periodic table |
| nonmetals | found on right side of periodic table |
| nucleus | center of atoms containing protons & neutrons |
| ionic bond | when a metal atoms & a nonmetal atom stick together |
| covalent bond | when two nonmetal atoms stick together by sharing electrons |
| precipitate | solid that forms during a chemical reaction |
| fast dye | dye that sticks to fabric & will not fade easily |
| element | made up of a single type of atoms |
| symbol | chemical shorthand name for an element |
| acid | pH less than 7; formula begins with an H |
| base | pH more than 7; formula ends with an OH |
| neutralization | acid + base = salt + water |
| molecular weight | sum of the atomic masses of all atoms in a molecule |
| 1 molar solution | 1 mol solute/1000 mL solvent |
| specific gravity | a way to measure the concentration of a solution |
| blue litmus to red | acid |
| red litmus to blue | base |
| phenolphthalein | indicator that is clear in acid & pink in base |
| titration | used to find the unkown concentration of one liquid by adding another liquid to it until a color change occurs |
| buret | tube like instrument used to accurately release & measure volume in a titration |
| pH scale | used to measure how strong an acid or base is |
| 10 times | how much stronger a pH of 3 is than a pH of 4 |
| mortar & pestle | used to grind up solids |
| solvent | dissolving liquid |
| solute | substance being dissolved |
| hydrometer | instrument used to determine specific gravity of a solution |
| neutralization formula | M of acid X mL of acid = M of base x mL of base |
| polymer | very large long stringy molecule made by chemically combining hundreds of small molecules |
