| A | B |
|---|
| What is the imaging method in which a thin x-ray beam rotates around the patient. | CT (CAT) scan |
| What does CAT stand for? | Computed Axial Tomography |
| What imaging shape can be created with a CT scan by "stacking" the individual images? | a three-dimensional model of organs |
| What is the base component of most common intravenous dyes? | iodine |
| How are contrast dyes, which are used for imaging, filtered out of the body? | kidneys |
| What does MRI stand for? | Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
| How much stronger is a MRI magnet field than earth's gravity? | 10,000 times stronger |
| Which tissue atoms are aligned by the MRI's short radio wave pulses? | hydrogen atoms |
| Which imaging method can be performed through clothing? | MRI |
| The radiowaves produced during MRI imaging are close in frequency to: | FM radio stations |
| What body parts are 90% of all MRI scans: | brain & spine disorders |
| What is the imaging method of choice for most brain disorders? | MRI scans |
| This imaging procedure cannot provide clear pictures of brainstem & posterior brain. | CT scan |
| This imaging procedure allows physicians to view organs without obstruction of bone. | MRI scan |
| What does EMG stand for: | electromyogram/electromyography |
| Name the diagnostic procedure that evaluates neuromuscular tissue by inserting a needle electrode that is inserted into a muscle. | electromyogram (EMG) |
| What is the the action potential of a muscle tissue during an EMG when the muscle is at rest? | it is electrically silent |
| What is an "open" muscle biopsy? | involves small incision through skin into muscle to obtain a tissue slice |
| What is a "needle" biopsy? | needle is inserted into the organ and captures a small plug of tissue for examination |
| Name the diagnostic test that measures the speed of nerve impulse conduction. | Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) test |
| How are nerves stimulated during a NCV test? | with surface electrodes |
| How is nerve conduction velocity is calculated? | by distance between electrodes & time it takes impulse to travel between the electrodes |
| During a nerve conduction velocity test, what will the patient feel? | little electric shock |
| What is nerve velocity related to? | the diameter of nerve & degree of myelination |
| What does CSF stand for? | cerebrospinal fluid |
| Where is the spinal needle inserted for a lumbar puncture? | between L-3 & L-4 |
| What is indicated when spinal fluid is cloudy? | infection (presence of white blood cells) |
| What is indicated when spinal fluid is bloody or reddish: | bleeding in brain or spinal cord obstruction |
| What is indicated when spinal fluid is brown, orange or yellow? | elevated protein in spinal fluid |
| ABG stands for: | arterial blood gas |
| What 3 things does a blood gas measure? | blood acidity (PH), blood oxygen content, & carbon dioxide content of blood |
| Why must a arterial blood gas sample be sent to the lab immediately for analysis? | delay can result in inaccurate results |
| What is a normal oxygen saturation level from an arterial blood gas? | 94-100% |
| What type of radiation are x-rays? | electromagnetic radiation |
| How will dense body tissues appear on a radiograph? | white |
| How does air appear on a radiograph? | black |
| What causes the gray areas on radiographs? | different tissue densities such as muscle, fat, and body fluids |
