| A | B |
|---|
| acute glomerulonephritis | inflammation and swelling of the glomeruli of both kidneys |
| proteinuria | presence of protein in the urine |
| hematuria | presence of blood in the urine |
| A beta-hemolytic streptococcus | bacteria causing development of acute glomerulohephritis |
| BUN | blood urea nitrogen: a blood test |
| ESR | erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
| KUB | x-ray of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder |
| diuretics | medication used to control edema |
| hemodialysis | process of removing impurities from the blood during renal failure |
| peritoneal dialysis | removes waste from the body using fluids and the peritoneal membrane as a filter |
| CAPD | continuous peritoneal dialysis |
| CCPD | continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis |
| immunosuppressive agents | medication used to prevent rejection of transplanted organs |
| nephrotic syndrome | nephrosis |
| solvents, heavy metals, pesticides, antibiotics and poisonous mushrooms | nephrotoxic agents |
| GFR | glomerular filtration rate |
| ARF | acute renal failure, a sudden & severe reduction in renal function |
| pyelonephritis | inflammation of the renal pelvis, caused by infection , pregnancy, or calculi |
| abcess | a collection of pus, may occur in pyelonephritis |
| renal calculi | kidney stone |
| hydronephrosis | abnormal dilation of the renal pelvis caused by pressure from urine that cannot flow past an obstruction in the ureters |
| cystoscopy | a scope is inserted through the urethra for examination of the urinary tract |
| lithotripsy | crushing of stones using sound waves |
| cystitis | inflammation of the urinary bladder |
| diabetic glomerulosclerosis | complication of diabetes, lesions cause decrease filtrations |
| polycystic kidney | an irreversible disorder in which normal renal tissue is replaced with grapelike clusters |
| neurogenic bladder | a dysfunction: difficulty emptying the bladder |
| stress incontinence | leakage of urine during sneezing, coughing, etc |
| renal cell carcinoma | malignancy of the kidney |
| carcinogens | cigarette smoking, coffe drinking and use of artificial sweeteners |
