| A | B |
|---|
| Chemistry | Study of matter: how it interacts, its structure, properties and changes |
| Chemical | Specific type of pure substance with a definite composition of elements and a specific structure |
| Matter | Anything that takes up space and has mass |
| Mass | Measurement of the amount of matter in a specific sample of a substance |
| Atom | The smallest particle of a substance that keeps the identity of the element it is |
| Element | 1. A pure substance made of only one type of atom (defined by the number of protons in its nucleus). 2. A species (type) of atom. 3. A substance that can not be seperated into any simpler component substance by chemical means |
| Compound | Substance made of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded together |
| Property | A Characteristic or Trait of a substance |
| Extensive Property | A Characteristic (or trait) of substance that depends on how much of that substance you have in your sample (how many atoms/molecules of it you have). e.g. Mass & Volume |
| Intensive Property | A Characteristic (or trait) of a substance that is independent on how much of that substance you have in your sample (how many atoms/molecules of it you have). e.g. density, melting point, atomic mass, boiling point, conductivity etc... |
| Physical Property | A Charcteristic (or trait) of a substance that is measured with the substance in its current molecular form. e.g. Melting and Boiling Points, density, color |
| Change of State | A change in a substance between Solid, Liquid, Gas, and Plasma. This is a physical change and does not affect the chemical structure. |
| Chemical Property | A Charcteristic (or trait) of a substance that describes it's ability to undergo changes in it's chemical structure, to bond with other atoms/molecules and elements. |
| Chemical Change: (or Chemical Reaction) | An event where the molecular (chemical) structure of a substance is changed, so that it has a new structure and /or composition as it combines with other substances, or seperates into its components. |
| Physical Change | Changes in a substance that do not affect it's chemical structure. e.g. melting, condensing, cutting a piece of Iron in two. |
| Reactant | The substances at the beginning of a Chemical Reaction (chemical change) that combine, or change to produce a new substance. |
| Product | The substances formed after a Chemical Reaction (chemical change). |
| Mixture | A combination of two or more substances, where each component maintains its' individual properties. |
| Pure Substance | A substance that is made of only one type of molecule. They have a specific composition/structure, and specific properties. |
| Heterogeneous | different; not uniform |
| Homogeneous | the same; uniform throughout |
| Periodic Table | A chart of the elements arranged so that a "periodically" repeating pattern evolves, where elements in the same column (group) exhibit similar traits. |
| Group | The vertical columns in the periodic table where elements in the same column (group) exhibit similar traits. [Families] |
| Period | The horizontal rows in the periodic table |
| Metal | An element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity. They also normal exhibit properties of maleability (can be hammered into sheets), ductillity (can be drawn into wires) and often have a characteristic metallic luster. Most elements are metals |
| Nonmetal | An element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity. |
