| A | B |
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| contrapposto | an Italian word meaning counter posed. We have seen two sculptures of figures in a contrapposto position: The Warrior (5th century B.C., Classical Greek) and Michelangelo's David. The figures stand with their weight resting on one foot. Their hips and shoulders counterbalance one another to create a life-like, relaxed pose. |
| coffers | recessed squares inside a dome which both lighten and strengthen the structure |
| abstract art | depicts natural objects in exaggerated, distorted or simplified ways |
| Parthenon | Classical Greek temple built to honor Athena |
| Pantheon | anceint Roman temple built to honor all the Gods |
| Paleolithic | artwork was painted on cave walls by nomadic hunter/gatherers. Images are both naturalistic and realistic. |
| Neolithic | Artwork from this time is both abstract art and applied art. Creators lived during the New Stone Age in small agricultural communities. |
| Hellenistic | 'Greek-like' refers to the latest or most recent period of Greek art. |
| hierarchic proportion | scale or proportion varies to show relative importance |
| pigment | a coloring agent used to make paints or drawing materials |
| naive artists | artists who are largely unaware of art history or the art trends of their time. Their work is purely personal expression. |
| folk artists | artists who work within an established tradition |
| iconography | the symbolic meaning of signs and subjects in an artwork |
| relief sculpture | a sculpture that is not freestanding but projects from a background surface |
| kouros | a Greek word for male youth. An archaic Greek (life-size, nude) figure |
| basilica | a Roman assembly hall, with three aisles and an apse at one or both ends. Christians appropriated this form for their churches. |
