| A | B |
|---|
| Only kingdom to be prokaryotic | Monera |
| How big are bacteria? | microscopic |
| Smallest cells known to exist | mycoplasma |
| How old are the oldest fossils of bacteria | 3.5 billion |
| Where were the oldest bacteria fossils found? | Australia |
| Where do bacteria live? | Just about everywhere |
| What are the 4 phylas of the Monera Kingdom based on? | differences in morphology & physiology |
| Term for round or spherical bacteria | cocci |
| Term for rod shaped bacteria | bacilli |
| Term for spiral bacteria | spirilli |
| Prefix that means forms in clusters | staphylo- |
| Prefix that means forms in chains | strepto- |
| Prefix that means 2 bacteria cells joined together | diplo- |
| what does staphylococcus mean | cluster of round bacteria |
| what does streptococcus mean | chain of round bacteria |
| what does diplococcus mean | two round bacteria joined together |
| what does staphylobacillus mean? | cluster of rod shaped bacteria |
| what does streptobacillus mean? | a chain of rod shaped bacteria |
| what does diplobacillus mean? | two rod shaped bacteria joined |
| what are the 4 phylums of Kingdom Monera? | Archaebacteria, Schizophyta, Cyanophyta, Prochlorophyta |
| what phylum of bacteria is adapted to live in harsh environments? | Archaebacteria |
| What are 3 kinds of Archaebacteria | methanogens, extreme halophiles, thermoacidophiles |
| what is the larges Moneran phylum | Schizophyta |
| What are the 4 classes of the phylum Schizophyta | Eubacteria, Actinomycota, Rickettsiae, Spirochaeta |
| Means without oxygen | anaerobic |
| Means with oxygen | aerobic |
| Means methane forming | methanogen |
| Archaebacterian that lives in the Great Salt Lake & Dead Sea | extreme halophile |
| what does halophile mean | salt loving |
| Archaebacteria that lives in the digestive tracts of sheep &cattle or on bottoms of bogs, lakes or sewage ponds | methanogen |
| Archaebacterian that lives in hot springs or in smoldering coal | thermoacidophile |
| What class is the most familiar bacteria in? | Schizophyta |
| 3 characteristics of gram negative bacteria | has outer covering, stains pink, difficult to treat with antibiotics |
| 3 characteristics of gram positive bacteria | lacks outer covering, stains purple, can be treated with antibiotics |
| What are the smallest bacteria? | mycoplasmas |
| What class are the mycoplasma bacteria in? | Eubacteria |
| What phylum are the mycoplasma bacteria in? | Schizophyta |
| A gram + bacteria that causes diphtheria & TB | Actinomycota |
| Class of bacteria that decompose dead plants & animals | Actinomycota |
| What class of bacteria is a source for some antibiotics? | Actinomycota |
| What class of bacteria is classified by their reaction to a gram stain test? | Eubacteria |
| A test that uses a dye to stain the bacterial walls | gram stain test |
| parasitic gram - bacteria | Rickettsiae |
| Spiral shaped bacteria that use flagella to move | Spirochaeta |
| Class of bacteria that is carried by insects and transmitted to mammals | Rickettsiae |
| Class of bacteria that cause diseases like syphilis & Lyme disease | Spirochaeta |
| Phylum of blue green bacteria | Cyanophyta |
| Phylum of bacteria with traits similar to plants | Cyanophyta |
| Specialized cells that convert nitrogen from the air to a usable form | heterocysts |
| A population explosion of bacteria that will discolor lakes, rivers & parts of oceans | bloom |
| A photosynthetic bacteria that live symbiotically with marine organisms | Prochlorophyta |
| Small circular strands of DNA capable of replicating independently | plasmids |
| Protective layers around the walls of bacteria | capsules |
| A net of polysaccharides that help them stick to rocks, & host cells | glycocalyx |
| Protein strands used to attach themselves to things & may be used in reproduction | pili |
| A tough covering around the DNA that protects it when conditions are bad | endospore |
| Term referring to an organism that feeds on dead or decaying organic matter | saprophyte |
| Term for organisms that use sunlight to make their own food | photoautotroph |
| Term for organisms that use the energy of chemical reactions instead of sunlight to make own food | chemoautotroph |
| Cannot survive in the presence of oxygen | obligate anaerobe |
| Cannot survive without oxygen | obligate aerobe |
| Can live with or without oxygen | facultative anaerobe |
| List 4 things that can inhibit the reproduction of bacteria | heat, cold, predation, lack of food |
| 2 methods of reproduction | binary fission, conjugation |
| An asexual form of reproduction in which the cell splits | binary fission |
| Occurs when the genetic information of 2 monerans of the same species is combined | conjugation |
| any organism that causes a disease | pathogen |
| a poisonous substance that disrupts the metabolism of an infected organism | toxin |
| What are 2 main kind of bacterial toxins | endotoxin & exotoxin |
| Toxin found in gram - bacteria that cause fever, weakness & circulatory damage | endotoxin |
| toxin produced by bacteria metabolism of bacteria & secreted around it | exotoxin |
| what kind of toxin are some of the most potent poisons known | exotoxin |
| chemicals that can inhibit the growth of some bacteria | antibiotic |
