| A | B |
| Apostates | Persons who renounce their faith |
| Edict of Milan | Made Christianity a legal Religion |
| Apologists | People who use their considerable knowledge and education to defend their faith |
| Ignatius of Antioch | Bishop who was taken to Rome to face his martyrdom |
| Arius | Alexandrian priest who originated the heresy that Jesus is not truly divine |
| Diocletian | Roman Emperor who persecuted Christians in a consistent, efficient manner. |
| Justin | Early apologist and martyr |
| Athanasius | Alexandrian bishop who refuted the Arian heresy by saying that Jesus is related to God as brightness is to light |
| Irenaeus | Bishop of Lyons who opposed Gnosticism |
| Constantine | Proclaimed the Edict of Milan, making Christianity legal |
| Theodosius | Made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire |
| Gnosticism | Denied the humanity of Jesus |
| 313 AD | Edict of Milan, made Christianity legal |
| 380 AD | Christianity becomes the official religion of the Roman Empire |
| 325 AD | Council of Nicaea |
| Barbarians | Nomadic tribes from the north that posed a constant threat to attack Roman territory. |
| Constantinople | What used to be a little town called Byzantum became the new center of the Roman Empire. |