| A | B |
|---|
| geography | the study of the earth |
| absolute Location | precise position on a globe |
| latitude | parellel lines that measure north to south |
| longitude | measures east to west |
| relative location | about where the place is but not it exactly |
| culture | way of life of people in different places |
| hydroshpere | bodies of water found on the earth |
| lithosphere | land that makes up part of the earth |
| bioshpere | part of the earth where life is found |
| mantle | the layer under the crust and above the core that is made up of a dense hot layer of rock |
| erosian | wearing away of the earth's suface |
| glacier | large body of ice that moves on land |
| isthmus | a narrow piece of land that connects two larger bodies of land and seperates two bodies of water |
| archipelago | a group of closely scattered islands |
| continental shelf | under water extension of a continent |
| water cycle | the process of the regular movement of waterfrom ocean, to air, to ground, to ocean |
| evaporation | the changing of liquid water into vapor or gas |
| natural resources | elements found on the earth that are not made by people but can be used by them |
| renewable resources | resources that can be renewed |
| nonrenewable resources | resources that can't be replaced |
| weather | the condition of the atmoshpere at a certain plce during a certain period of time |
| climate | weather patterns over an area during a long period of time |
| axis | an imaginary line that runs through the center of the earth |
| equanox | when the sun is directly over the equater and the dys and nights are equal |
| solstice | one of the two days (march 21) when the sun hits 23 1/3 degrees north and the top of the earth recives the most rays |
| natural vegetation | natural plant life that grows there without humans |
| deciduous trees | trees that lose their leaves in the autumn |
| timberline | the elevation line above which it is too cold for trees to grow |
| smog | a haize caused by the sun's ultra violet rays |
| prevailing winds | winds that blow in fairly constant patterns |
| windward | the side facing where the wind is blowing |
| leeward | the air that descends the other side of the mountains |
| rain shadow | the hot, dry air results in a dry area |
| subsistance farming | traditional agriculture |
| population denstity | the average number of people in a square mile or square kilometer |
| population distribution | population pattern |
| civilization | cultures that have developed cities, writing systems, and achieved varying kinds of development arts, sciences, and goverment |
| culture hearth | places where civilizations began |
| percapita income | measures how much a person earns in a year |
| free interprise | goverments that value individual freedom |
| continental divide | line that seperates rivers and flow towards the opposite ends of the continent |
| headwaters | water sources |
| tributary | brooks, rivers, and streams that feed their waters into one river |
| hurricane | ocean storms hundreds of miles wide and 75mph or more |
| tornado | swirling columns of wind which can reach 300mph |
| cash crops | crops that are raised to be sold |
| strait | a narrow passage way connecting two large bodies of water and seperate two bodies of land |
| jazz | blends African rythems with the harmany of European music |
| literacy rate | the rate of people who can read and write |
| contour plowing | plowing along the natural curves of the earth to keep the topsoil from wearing off. |
| crop rotation | farmers grow different crops in succession on the same land which helps preserve the soil's nutrients. |
| eutrophication | the process in which a lake or another body of water becomes rich in dissolved nutrients. |
| hydroelectric power | the energy of water generating electricity |
| tierra caliente | land that is above sea level and is at or near the equator and means the "hot country". |
| tierra templata | lands from 3000-6000 feet means "temprate country". |
| tierra fria | lands at the heighst altitude from 6,000-10,000 feet "cold country". |
| dialect | forms of a language peculiar to a particular place or group |
| export | one country sending to another for sale or trade. |
| import | resources or goods brought into one country from another. |
| polder | drains areas |
