| A | B |
|---|
| protraction | rolling your shoulders forward |
| retraction | pulling your shoulder blades backward and together |
| rotation | turning on one axis |
| circumduction | turning around multiple axes simultaneously |
| sprain | a tear of a ligament |
| strain | a tear of a muscle or tendon |
| anterior | forward, to the front |
| posterior | backward, to the back |
| medial | toward the midline of the body |
| lateral | away from the midline of the body, to the side |
| proximal | toward the center of the body |
| distal | away from the center of the body |
| superior | above |
| inferior | below |
| tendon | structure that connects a muscle to a bone |
| ligament | structure that connects a bone to a bone |
| shoulder flexion | action of raising the arm straight up in front of the body |
| hip extension | action of kicking the leg straight behind the body |
| abduction | direction of movement AWAY from the midline of the body |
| adduction | direction of movement TOWARD from the midline of the body |
| forearm pronation | position of arm where palm is facing the floor (or posteriorly) |
| forearm supination | position of arm where palm is facing the ceiling (or anteriorly) |
| inversion | action of turning the soles of the feet toward the midline of the body |
| eversion | action of turning the soles of the feet away from the midline of the body |
