| A | B |
|---|
| organisms | living things |
| how many organisms on earth? | 30 million |
| biosphere | the parts of the Earth that sustain life |
| What is the cause of so much extinction, currently? | Human interferance - destruction of hbitats (forests cleared, bodies of water diverted, everything polluted) , hunting |
| species | a group of organisms so similar to one another that they can interbreed and produce fertile offspring |
| biotechnology | the application of biological science to practical problems |
| How does biology affect food? | all foods are made directly or indirectly from living things or their products (like milk of a cow) |
| How does biology affect clothing? | most clothing is made from biological products - wool, silk, leather |
| How does biology affect shelter? | natural shelter for animals, for humans, provides wood for common housing in US |
| How does biology affect health? | brings many medicines, etc. |
| How does biology affect fuel? | many fuels are the remains of or products of organisms |
| What are the characteristics of life? | All orgs are composed of cells, all highly organized, respond to environment, use energy for growth and maintenance, reproduce, gorw and develop, and adapt to environment through evolution |
| What are the levels of organization, in order? | Molecular lever, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organ system level, population level, community level, ecosystem level |
| Molecular level | the simplest parts of a living system are in the atoms and molecules of which an organism, like all matter, is made. |
| cellular level | many different molecules interact within one cell |
| cell | the smallest unit of life capable of carrying out all the functions of living things |
| tissue level | A,ll multicellular organisms have cells that are organized into tissues |
| tissue | a group of cells that performs a specific funtion |
| organ level | Most multicellualar organisms contain organs |
| organ | several different types of tissues that function together for a specific purpose |
| organ system level | an organ system is made up of several different organs working together to perform a function (examples - circulatory, reproductive, and digestive systems) |
| population level | the interactions of organsisms with each other, and with their environments |
| population | a group of organisms of the same species that lives together in a particular location |
| community level | contains populations of different organisms |
| community | includes all the populations of different kinds of organisms living in the same place |
| ecosystem level | contains both a community and the nonliving factors around it |
| ecosystem | includes the community of organisns in an area, as well as the nonliving factors of the environment |
| biosphere | all teh ecosystems in the world combined |
| anatomy | the physical structure of humans or other animals |
| botany | the structure and function of plants |
| cytology | the structure and function of plants |
| ecology | the relationships among organisms and their environments |
| ethology | animal behavoir |
| genetics | heredity |
| immunology | the body's defenses against disease and foreign substance |
| microbiology | microscopic organisms |
| molecular biology | the chemical processes within cells |
| physiology | the functions of organs and organ systems |
| taxonomy (systemics) | the scientific classification of organisms |
| zoology | the structure and function of animals |
