| A | B |
|---|
| Pharaoh | rulers of ancient Egypt |
| Delta | low land formed at the mouth of Nile River flowing into the Mediterranean by the silt that the river drops there |
| Viser | advisor to pharophs in Ancient Egypt |
| papyrus | a paper like material used by ancient Egyptians; made from reeds that grew in the Nile River. |
| canopic jars | Jars that hold all organs except for the heart for bodies buried in tombs. |
| afterlife | Life after death; Egyptians believed in an afterlife |
| Hittites | Fierce mountain tribe, they had better weapons that the Egyptians. |
| Osiris | God of the Dead and after life, father of Horus |
| Geb | God of earth. |
| Imhotep | Architect for King Zoser. The architect who designed the first step pyramid |
| Djoser | Also known that it is the same as Zoser. The first king to have built a stone- step pyramid |
| Senusret (aka: Sesostris) | Middle Kingdom; Reorganized Egypt's bureaucracy of appointed government officials. Replaced them with governors who where controlled by the Pharaoh's Vizier; extended the borders. |
| Howard Carter, Archeologist | Discovered King Tutankhamen's tomb in 1922. |
| Sinai Peninsula | Body of land (peninsula) between between Northeastern Africa and Southwestern Asia. |
| Nile River Valley | The fertile land along both sides of the Nile River |
| Cataract | A series of rapids and water falls |
| Obelisk | A pillar that is thicker at the bottom than at the top and the sides are filled with hieroglyphics. |
| Lotus | Water Lilies that symbolized the sun and the creation of the waters of Nun. |
| Embalm | Process of removing the organs from a dead body and preserving it with natron salt to preserve the body to wrap in linen cloth, for mummification |
| BA/KA | BA is the body and KA is the spirit or soul |
| Alexandria | Port city in Egypt where Nile River enters Mediterranean Sea. |
| Isis | Goddess of weaving, mother of Horus and wife of Osiris. Temple located at Philae |
| Nut | Egyptian goddess of the sky; depicted as a cow; mother of Osiris, and Isis, Seth |
| Hatshepsut | First(pharaoh)Queen of Egypt; she sent armies to Nubia, trading expeditions to land of Punt, rebuilt temples and improved life at home. |
| Rameses II | New kingdom; Builder and warrior. Pharaoh who was know for great building projects, especially temples with large stautes of himself at Karnak and Abu Simbal |
| King Tut | Reigned for 9 years from 1331 to 1322 B.C.; died when he was 18; opened the temples; burried in solid gold coffin in tomb with gold and jewels |
| Innundation | Season of the Egyptian calendar. The water overflowed the banks fo the Nile Valley and flooded |
| Emergence | Season of the Egyptian Calendar. The waters of the Nile went back and the Egyptians planted crops. |
| Harvest | Season of hte Egyptian calendar. Harvested the crops. |
| Tigris/Eupharates River Valley | In Mesopotamia; Boundaries of the fertile cresent; People farmed and lived in settlements and cities and the begining of the first civilizations. |
| Source | Source of the Nile River is Lake Victoria |
| Mouth | The end of the Nile River at the Mediterranean Sea |
| Canal | The Egyptians built canals to carry excess water back to the Nile |
| Scribe | The person who writes and records things |
| sarcophagus | The coffin in which the mummy was placed. |
| Natron | A salt used to dry out the dead body before mumifying. |
| Ma'at | Way of being, religion and society in Egypt that believed in truth, justic and divine order |
| Thebes | Capital of Egypt in the middle and new kingdoms; located in upper Egypt; City of the god Amon. |
| Seth | The god of evil. |
| Anubis | Egyptian god of the dead. Black jackal or dog |
| Thutmose III | Pharaoh after Hatshepsut; most famous warrior and expanded the empire to its greatest and built a lot of temples and monuments to himself. |
| Akhenaten | Pharaoh Hotep IV who worshiped Aton (monotheism) & changed his name; Removed all other gods names from temples and tombs; moved the capital to Akhetaton (el-Amarma) in central Egypt. |
| Polytheism | Religion that has lots of gods. |
| Monotheism | Religion that has only one god. |
| Upper Egypt | The area of Egypt that is in the south near the city of Thebes. |
| Lower Egypt | The area of Egypt that is in the Delta at the Mediterranean Sea |
| Valley of the Kings | The place where the mummies of the Egyptian kings were hidden |
| Islam/ | A monotheistic religion believing in one god - Allah |
| Muslim | A person who believes in Islam |
| pyramid | Tomb for the dead - often for a dead ruler. |
