| A | B |
|---|
| regulation | the coordination and control of the life activities;send messages between body parts |
| dendrites | fibers in neurons that detect the stimulus and generate impulses |
| cyton | cell body in the neuron containing the nucleus |
| axon | fiber in the neuron that transmits impulses away fromthe cyton to the terminal branches |
| terminal branches | ends of the axon which secrete neurotransmitter |
| stimulus | a change in the internal or external environment that initiates and impulse |
| receptors | structures specilized to detect certain stimulus |
| impulse | n electro-chemical charge generated along a neuron |
| response | a reaction to a stimulus |
| effector | organs of response such as muscles |
| synapse | junction between adjacent neurons or between neurons and effectors |
| neurotransmitters | chemicals that aid in transmission across synapses |
| sensory neuron | transmits impulses from the receptor to the brain and spinal cord |
| motor neurons | neuron which transmits impulses from the central nervous system to effectors |
| interneurons | relay nerve impulses between sensory and motor neurons |
| nerves | bunched of neurons or parts of neurons that transmit impulses over long distances |
| central nervous system | consists of brain and spinal cord |
| brain | large mass of neurons located in the cranial cavity |
| cerebrum | center for voluntary activity ( memory,reasoning) |
| cerebellum | part of brain that coordinated activities in maintaining balance |
| medulla | part of brain that controls involuntary activities (breathing, heart beat) |
| spinal cord | coordinates activities between the brain and other body parts; center for reflex actions |
| reflex | inborn and involuntary patterns of behavior |
| reflex arc | pathway for impulse travel |
| reflex pathway | receptor->sensory neuron->interneurons->motor neuron->effector |
| peripheral nervous system | outside the central nervous system;nerves that extend throughout the body |
| somatic nervous system | control the actions of the voluntary skeletal muscles |
| autonomic nervous system | nerves regulating automatic functions |
| cerebral palsy | disorder of the nervous system caused by a group of inborn disorders of the muscle and speech centers of the brain |
| meningitis | an inflammation of teh membranes of the brain and spinal cord |
| stroke | occurs when brain function is impaired or destroyed by oxygen starvation, blood clot or blood vessel bursting |
| polio | viral disease of the central nervous system that results in paralysis |
| chemical control | way of sending messages from one part of the body to another;sends hormones |
| auxins | type of plany hormone which indluences division, elongation, and differentiation |
| tropisms | unequal distribution of auxins causes unequal growth reponses |
| endocrine glands | glands in animals that produce and secrete hormones |
| goiter | enlargement of the thyroid when unable to produce adequate supplies of thyroxine;iodine deficiencies |
| diabetes | insufficient insulin production; not able to remove sugar and store glycogen |
