| A | B |
|---|
| Centrioles | Short cylindrical structures that help organize the spindle fibers during cell division |
| Chromosomes/chromatin | Composed of DNA and proteins; found in the nucleus; tightly packed during cell division and dispersed during normal cell operations |
| Cilia | Short hair-like structures that move fluid or secretions across the cell surface |
| Cytoplasm | General term used to refer to the material inside the cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus; divided into the cytosol, organelles, and inclusions |
| Cytoskeleton | Internal protein framework of threadlike filaments and hollow tubes that give the cytoplasm flexibility and support; consists of microfilaments and microtubules |
| Cytosol | Intracellular fluid; contains dissolved nutrients, ions, proteins, and waste products |
| Endoplasmic reticulum, rough | Endoplasmic reticulum with attached ribosomes; participates in protein synthesis |
| Endoplasmic reticulum, smooth | Endoplasmic reticulum without attached ribosomes; synthesizes phospholipids, cholesterol, and steroid hormones (in reproductive organs); synthesizes and stores glycogen in skeletal muscle and liver cells |
| Flagellum | Long whip-like tail that propels the cell through fluid |
| Golgi | Flattened membranous sacs; involved in the synthesis and packaging of secretions and enzymes for use within the cell; renews and modifies the cell membrane when secretory vesicles fuse with the cell membrane |
| Lysosome | Filled with digestive enzymes; involved in the defense against disease and the removal damaged or dead cells |
| Microfilaments | Thinnest component of the cytoplasm; form a dense layer just inside the cell |
| Microtubules | Hollow tubes built of the protein tubulin; primary component of the cytoskeleton; give the cell strength and rigidity; anchors the position of some organelles; for the spindle during cell division |
| Microvilli | Small finger-shaped projections of the cell membrane; increase the surface area for absorption |
| Mitochondria | convert energy stored in glucose into ATP |
| Nuclear Envelope | Double membrane that surrounds the nuclear contents |
| Nuclear pores | Openings in the nuclear envelop that allow materials to pass between the nucleus and cytoplasm |
| Nucleolus | manufacture the components of ribosomes |
| Nucleus | Control center for cellular operations; contains the genetic material (DNA) |
| Organelle | Part of a cell with a specific function |
| Ribosomes, bound | Found attached to the endoplasmic reticulum; manufacture proteins for use outside the cell |
| Ribosomes, free | Found scattered throughout the cytoplasm; manufacture proteins for use within the cell |
| Vacuole | Storage |
| Vesicle, secretory | Transport Golgi products to the cell membrane for release from the cell |
| Vesicle, transition | Transport endoplasmic reticulum products to the Golgi |
