| A | B |
|---|
| circulation | transport of materials within cells and/or throughout multicellular organisms |
| intracellular circulation | circulation inside the cell |
| intercellular circulation | circulation that occurs between cells |
| passive transport | transport that requires no cellular energy (diffusion) |
| diffusion | transport where materilas pass through the cell membrane from higher to lower concentration |
| osmosis | diffusion of water through the membrance |
| active transport | requires cellular energy from lower to higher concentration |
| pinocytosis | cells take in particles that are too large to pass through membrane |
| phagocytosis | cell engulfs a large particle by flowing around it and storing in vacuole |
| xylem | specialized tubes rinning from the roots to leaves and carry water and minerals |
| phloem | specialized tubes running from roots to leaves that carry food up and down plant for use and storage |
| plasma | liquid part of blood that carries dissolved materials |
| red blood cells | contain hemoglobin that carries oxygen to all cells; lack nuclei |
| platelets | help blood clot; smaller that red and white blood cells |
| white blood cells | help defend against infection |
| lymphocytes | white blood cells that produce anitbodies |
| antigens | molecules or organisms foreign to the human immune system |
| phagocytes | white blood cells attracted to the antigen-antibody clumps to engulf and destroy them |
| vaccinations | weakened or mild form of pathogen that causes permanent immunity |
| allergies | when the immune system overreacts to a usually harmless antigen producing histamines |
| autoimmune diseases | when the immune system makes mistakes and attacks own cells |
| intercellular fluid | fluid surrounding all living cells |
| lymph | when intercellular fluid passes into lymph vessels |
| arteries | transport blood away from the heart |
| capillaries | take blood to every cell int he body; exchange material between blood and intercellular fluid |
| veins | return oxygenated blood to the heart |
| lymph vessels | small vessels that carry lymph and branch through all body tissues |
| lymph nodes | lettle swellings in lymph vessels; clean lymph by filtering our bacteria and dead cells |
| atrium | one chamber of the heart that receives blood |
| ventricle | one chamber of the heart that pumps blood |
| high blood pressure | narrowing of arteries because of fat build-up on walls |
| coronary thrombosis | heart attack; blockage of coronary artery that feeds the heart muscle |
| angina pectoris | chest pain; narrowing of the coronary arteries due to fatty deposit build-up |
| anemia | condition where the body's ability to carry oxygen is impaired |
| leukemia | disease of bone marrow; uncontrolled production of nonfunctional white blood cells |
