| A | B |
|---|
| androgen | hormone that induces secondary sexual characteristics |
| androgen-binding protein | molecule that helps concentrate testosterone in seminiferous tubule |
| anestrus | rest period between fertile cycles |
| bulbourethral gland | secretions contribute to semen - also called Cowper's gland |
| cervix | neck of the uterus |
| chorionic gonadotropin | hormone that maintains activity of corpus luteum during pregnancy |
| clitoris | erectile organ in females - homologous to penis |
| copulation | sexual intercourse |
| corpora cavernosa | paired dorsal masses of erectile tissue in penis |
| corpus spongiosum | single mass of erectile tissue in penis - houses urethra |
| corpus luteum | progesterone secreting cells in post-ovulatory follicle |
| ductus deferens | tube that carries sperm from epididymis to urethra |
| ductus efferentes | tube that collects spermatozoa from rete testis |
| ejaculation | expulsion of sperm and semen from urethra |
| ejaculatory ducts | point of entry for sperm into urethra |
| epididymis | coiled tubes that house spermatozoa until ejaculation |
| estrogen | hormone that strongly influences female secondary sex characteristics |
| estrous cycle | sexual cycle of female mammals, except for primates |
| estrus | phase of sexual cycle where female ovulates |
| fallopian tube | conducts eggs from ovary to uterus |
| fimbriae | fringelike processes at ovary end of fallopian tube |
| follicle-stimulating hormone | stimulates follicle cells to make estrogen |
| gametes | sex cells |
| glands of Littré | mucus producing glands lining urethra |
| glans | head of penis |
| GnRH | stimulates release of luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones |
| gonadotropin | hormone that influences release of hormones by testis or ovary |
| gonads | sex cell producing organs |
| hymen | flap of tissue that narrows vaginal opening in some virgins |
| inhibin | hormone that decreases release of gonadotropins |
| implantation | invasion of uterine wall by embryo |
| interstitial cells | testosterone producing cells in testis |
| labia majora | outermost, paired folds of skin surrounding vaginal opening |
| labia minora | innermost, paired folds of skin surrounding vaginal opening |
| Leydig cells | another name for interstitial cells |
| luteinizing hormone | hormone that stimulates progesterone production in females |
| menarche | age when menstruation starts |
| menopause | cessation of menstruation |
| menses | period of bleeding during a menstrual cycle |
| menstrual cycle | sexual cycle in female primates |
| monestrous | when species have only one fertile cycle a year |
| orgasm | height of sexual excitement during copulation |
| ostium tubae | funnel-like opening of fallopian tube |
| ovary | female gonad |
| ovulation | release of a fertile egg |
| oxytocin | hormone stimulating ejection of milk by mammary gland |
| penis | male erectile tissue - copulatory organ |
| placental lactogen | promotes development of breasts during pregnancy |
| placentation | process of forming placenta |
| polyestrous | describes mammals that have several fertile cycles each year |
| postestrum | phase of estrous cycle where uterine lining is reabsorbed |
| progesterone | hormone that maintains uterine lining |
| prolactin | promotes milk production |
| proliferative phase | phase of menstrual cycle where uterine lining thickens |
| prostate gland | large single gland that secretes components of semen |
| rectum | muscular tube at distal end of large intestine |
| scrotum | bag of skin that houses testes |
| secretory phase | when glands in uterine lining release products during menstrual cycle |
| semen | seminal fluid + spermatozoa |
| seminal fluid | material that nourishes spermatazoa and neutralizes vaginal pH |
| seminiferous tubules | sites of sperm cell production |
| Sertoli cells | form blood-testis barrier |
| testis | male gonad |
| testosterone | controls male secondary sex characteristics |
| urethra | tube that conducts both semen and urine in males |
| uterine horns | portions of uterus that have not fused together |
| uterus | muscular organ that houses embryos/fetuses during pregancy |
| vulva | folds of skin that surround vaginal opening |
