| A | B |
|---|
| mRNA | Brings information from the DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm |
| Nitrogen base | A carbon ring structure that contains one or more atoms of nitrogen |
| Nucleotides | composed of one of the four types of nitrogen bases,a phosphate,and sugar |
| Double helix | two strands of DNA twisted together |
| DNA replication | Process of the DNA in the chromosomes being copied |
| rRNA | Ribosomes used to asseble the amino acids in the correct order as on the mRNA |
| tRNA | Transports amino acids to the ribosome to be make into a protein |
| Transcription | Enzymes make an RNA copy of a portion of DNA strand |
| Codon | A set of 3 nitrogen bases in mRNA representing an amino acid |
| Translation | Converting the information in a sequence of nitrogen bases in mRNA into a sequence of amino acids that make up a protein |
| Mutation | Any change in the DNA sequence |
| Point mutation | A change in a single base pair in DNA |
| Frameshift mutation | When a single base is added or deleted from DNA |
| Chromosomal mutation | When chromosome break and rejoin, they rejoin backwards or to the wrong chromosome |
| Mutagen | Any agent that can cause a change in DNA |
