| A | B |
|---|
| name metric prefixes | mill, centi, deci, base, deka, hecta, kilo |
| sig fig rule for +&- | answer can not have more dec places than number w/ least |
| sig fig rule for *&/ | answer can not be more precise than the least precise value |
| labels for solids, liquids, gases density | gases-g/l; liquids-g/ml&g/cc; solids-g/cm3 |
| formulas for density, mass, and volume | D=M/V; M=D*V; V=M/D |
| Specific gravity= | density/standard density |
| Density=(related to sp.g) | Sp.G*Standard |
| 3 categories of matter | 1. homogenous mixtures 2. solution-solute is disolved-solent is doing disolving 3. pure substances-elements and compounds |
| Solid characteristics | 1. def mass 2. def. volume 3. fixed shape 4. particles close together/high density 5. slow mol. motion 6. incompressible 7. slight expansion when heated |
| Liquid characteristics | 1. def. mass 2. def. volume 3. takes shape of container 4. medium density 5. faster molecular motion 6. incompressible 7. slight exp when heated |
| Gas characteristics | 1. def. mass 2. indef. volume 3. takes shape of container 4. low density 5. faster mol motion 6. compressible 7. expands when heated |
| vapor | at rm temp. was a liquid or solid |
| gas | always a gas |
| sublimation | from solid to gaseous form |
| calories | energy needed to go through a phase change |
| Temp conversion btwn K and C | K=C+273 |
| potential energy- | stored energy |
| kinetic energy | used energy |
| conservation of energy | energy can be neither created nor distroyed |
| Law of definite proportions- | elements are always present in the same proportions by mass |
| Physical Properties | A characteristic of a substance that can be observed w/ out a change in the chem composition of the substance ex) Phase changes |
| Chemical Property | A characteristic that is observed when the substance undergoes a chemical change in composition |
| Physical change | any change that can be observed w/ out any change to the chemical properties ex)states of matter changing |
| chemical change | chemical makeup of substance changes ex) foliage |
| 5 indicators of a chemical change | 1. not reversible 2. gas is released 3. precipitate (insoluble solution) 4. heat energy released or absorbed 5. permanent color change |
| metals | left of periodic step/lose e (+) |
| non-metals | right of step/ gain e (-) |
| metalloids | along step-both characteristics |
| vertical rows | families;columns |
| horizontal rows | row; periods; series |
| Group 1 A | alkilai metals |
| Group 2 A | alkaline metals |
| Group 6 A | calcogen |
| group 7A | Halogens |
| Group 8A | Noble/ Inert gases |
| Diatomics | end in -ine or gen or are in 8A |
| Physical Properties of metals | 1. high luster or shine 2. high density 3. most r hard 4. high melt. pts. 5. conduct electricity and heat well 6. malleable 7. ductile |
| PP of non-metals | 1. dull 2. low density 3. soft 4. low melting pts. 5. poor conductors 6. nonmalleable 7. nonductile |
| PP of metalloids | 1. ductile 2. malleable 3. fair conductors 4. mid-density 5. most are solid 6. shiny or dull 7. mid-melting points |
